Absorbent articles with compositions having even distribution

专利摘要:
The present invention is directed to an absorbent article comprising a composition having improved rheological properties. The composition of the present invention exhibits improved spreading properties and more evenly distributes the skin care composition to the wearer skin of the absorbent article. Improved spreadability can be quantified by tangent delta values. The invention also relates to an absorbent article comprising a composition containing a silicone elastomer.
公开号:KR20040070208A
申请号:KR10-2004-7008799
申请日:2002-11-18
公开日:2004-08-06
发明作者:마르타 릴리안 타테；듀안 게라드 클지식；흐리스토 앵겔로프 흐리스토프；사무엘 퀭 린
申请人:킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

Absorbent article having a composition having a uniform distribution {ABSORBENT ARTICLES WITH COMPOSITIONS HAVING EVEN DISTRIBUTION}
[1] The present invention provides excellent spreading and distribution properties on disposable absorbent articles, such as diapers, training pants, adult incontinence products, underwear, feminine hygiene products, lactation pads, wound dressings and similar articles with absorbent capacity. It relates to the use of the composition having a. Excellent spreading and distribution properties are measured by Tan Delta rheological characterization. The present invention also relates to the use of silicone elastomers in compositions applied to disposable absorbent articles to obtain good rheological properties.
[2] Absorbent articles such as diapers, training pants, incontinence products and feminine hygiene products are worn so that they are in direct contact with the wearer's skin. The inevitable consequence of the use of absorbent articles is that the skin is more directly exposed to various physical and biological excretion. As a result, the barrier function of the skin covered by the absorbent article is at risk. To provide a one-off, the absorbent article consists primarily of nonwoven materials. Although the nonwoven materials are processed to have a soft hand and drape, they are rubbed against the skin and become rubbing. This friction is a form of physical damage to the skin barrier. Friction against the skin barrier also occurs when using absorbent tissues and wipes. Absorbent tissue and wipe products are primarily used to clean areas of skin covered by absorbent articles. Absorbent tissue and wipe products are needed to remove biological excretion from the skin.
[3] In addition to these physical damages, the skin covered by the absorbent article also leaks mainly into biological excretion. Biological fluids such as urine, feces, vaginal secretions and nasal secretions may contain various components that can damage the skin barrier. Examples of these components include proteases, lipases and bile acids. Once the skin barrier is damaged, these components, as well as other components of the biological fluid, can initiate or further aggravate inflammation of the skin.
[4] Disposable absorbent articles such as diapers, training pants, adult incontinence products, absorbent underwear, feminine hygiene products and lactation pads have been used to absorb body fluids and keep skin dry. Disposable absorbent articles of this type generally include a liquid impermeable bowel sheet material, an absorbent core or assembly, and a liquid permeable body contact or liner material. Body contact or liner material is in contact with the wearer's skin. Although the body contact material is made of a soft, compliant material, this material causes friction on the skin during use so that the skin cannot be completely dry and free of solid or semisolid excretion, and the absorbent article attempts to absorb. During frequent excretion of body fluids and frequent use of disposable absorbent articles, the skin may become irritated, red and tingling when touched.
[5] Many efforts have been made to provide a skin care composition to the body contacting surface of the article. This effort has focused on providing a skin care composition to the bodyside liner of the article because the bodyside liner generally has the largest area of contact with the skin of the article wearer. Often the benefits thought to be obtained from the skin care composition are realized only if the skin care composition is delivered to the skin of the wearer of the article. Therefore, there has been a desire to apply the composition to the portion of the absorbent article with the most contact with the skin. It is also known to provide skin hygiene compositions to containment flaps, leg elastics, waist elastics, and other portions of the absorbent article that are in direct contact with the wearer's skin.
[6] Looking at the various descriptions in the art regarding skin hygiene compositions, not only the physical properties of the composition but also the "chemicals" or "agents" that make up the composition are important in evaluating the usefulness and effectiveness of the compositions for protecting and treating skin. You can see that. The chemical nature refers to the composition's ability to act as a barrier to urine, feces or other body exudates or irritants, to maintain and strengthen the skin barrier, to be breathable and to minimize skin hydration. It includes the ability. U. S. Patent No. 6,153, 209, issued to Vega et al. In August 2000, wishes to provide a composition for absorbent articles that is breathable and can act as a barrier to irritants.
[7] Also contemplated are the physical properties of the composition applied to the absorbent article. Melting points, viscosities and hardness of the compositions are recognized as important physical properties. Skin care compositions having a melting point similar to or higher than body temperature may actually be applied to the liner of the absorbent article. The composition needs to be solid at room temperature and at the temperature at which transport and storage takes place in order for the composition to stabilize on the liner before use. When the composition melts at room temperature, it will either exit the liner material or wet the absorbent article through the liner. The melting point below the processing temperature is required to treat and apply the composition as liner material. The melting point is adjusted to take into account the requirements of the formulation and other physical properties (eg viscosity or hardness).
[8] The viscosity of the skin care composition is important for processing (application to liner material), stability (stability in liner material prior to use) and delivery from absorbent articles to the skin. In some cases it is desirable for the skin care composition to have a low viscosity at high shear conditions (e.g., conditions that may occur during processing), and high at low shear conditions (e.g. conditions that may be present when used in liner materials). It is preferable to have a viscosity. In some cases the composition is viscoelastic at low or no shear stress and the composition has a solid appearance, but it is also required that the composition be able to flow as a fluid as the shear stress increases. Thus, a great deal of research has been done to specify the components of the skin care composition that deliver a composition with the required viscosity.
[9] Other rheological properties have also been recognized as potentially important for the skin care composition to function stably as a liner material. For example, some compositions contain particulate components that need to be stored in suspension and need to be prevented from segregation or precipitation. Additional components were intended to be able to keep these microparticles in suspension and thus maintain stability of the composition. One approach to measuring this type of stability is to look at the elastic modulus or apparent viscosity of the composition. PCT Publication WO 00/71177, published on November 30, 2000, considers that modulus of elasticity relates to the stability of the composition and apparent viscosity to the flowability of the composition. The publication assumes that the modulus of elasticity is a measure of incomplete loss of energy introduced into the composition during the mixing process, and the residual stored energy is believed to help keep the particulates in suspension to stabilize the composition. Therefore, it was thought that raising the elastic modulus is preferable.
[10] In addition to conventional considerations made on several chemical and physical properties of skin care compositions, the amount of skin care composition applied to the liner material and the extent to which the composition is delivered to the wearer's skin has been considered. The amount of application needed to overcome migration and other losses has been described as having a composition that can deliver greater amounts to the skin of the absorber article wearer.
[11] Despite the many studies performed with the skin care composition supplied to the body contacting surface of the absorbent article, no consideration has been given to the ability of the skin care composition to deliver from the nonwoven material and to distribute and spread evenly over the skin surface. From a macro perspective, the skin appears to be relatively soft and firm. But from a microscopic point of view, the skin is not uniform. The topography of the skin includes hills, valleys, discontinuities, and other properties that interfere with uniformity. The more uniform the skin hygiene composition is in contact with the surface of the skin, the better it can achieve its desired purpose.
[12] Accordingly, what is needed is a skin care composition that is delivered from a body contact material or bodyside liner of an absorbent article that can be evenly distributed and spread over the skin surface of the absorbent article wearer. There is also a need to find suitable compounds that can be used in compositions that can deliver these physical properties. In addition, it is also desirable to provide other functions for which compounds that provide improved distribution and spreadability are known to be desirable in skin care compositions. Other functions herein include the ability to reduce the irritation of the skin caused by the exudates possessed by the absorbent article and the ability to breathe well and not interfere with the natural breathing of the skin.
[13] Summary of the Invention
[14] To solve the difficulties and problems discussed above, a composition has been found for use in absorbent articles having improved spreadability and distribution properties. Although the compositions of the present invention have a variety of applications, the compositions are particularly advantageous when used with absorbent articles such as diapers, incontinence clothing, feminine hygiene products, training pants, diaper pants, nursing pads, and wound dressings. In addition, the composition of the present invention may comprise a silicone elastomer compound. Such compositions exhibit breathable and barrier properties. The objects and advantages of the invention are set forth in the description which follows, and are not only apparent from this, but can also be found by practice of the invention. Further advantages of the present invention will be realized and attained by the compositions and articles of the accompanying drawings, as well as pointed out in particular in the following description and claims.
[15] In one aspect, the present invention relates to an absorbent article comprising an outer cover, a bodyside liner, an absorber and a composition. The bodyside liner is typically liquid permeable and forms a body contacting surface. The bodyside liner is generally connected in an overlapping manner with the outer cover. The absorbent body is located between the bodyside liner and the outer cover. The composition is on all or a portion of the body contacting surface of the bodyside liner. The composition may generally be a solid, semisolid or liquid. The composition can be in various forms including emulsions, lotions, creams, ointments, salves, suspensions, gels and the like. The composition can be applied to the bodyside liner using a variety of techniques including foam application, spraying, slot coating and printing. The invention also includes techniques that can directly integrate the composition with the fibers or other materials used to make the bodyside liner. The composition may be applied to the body contacting surface in an amount of about 0.1 grams per square meter (g / m ² ) to about 30 g / m ² . The compositions of the present invention may be applied or present to other skin contacting surfaces of absorbent articles such as waist and leg elastomers and containment flaps.
[16] Since the composition of the present invention has improved rheological properties, the composition is better distributed and spreads to the skin of the absorbent article wearer. The ability to better distribute and spread can be indicated by the tan delta value of the composition. The tan delta value represents the relationship between the loss modulus and the shear modulus of the composition. Loss modulus is a measure of the viscous element (ability to spread) of the composition, and shear modulus is a measure of the elastic element of the composition (the ability to provide a stable film). The composition of the present invention may have a tan delta value of about 0.10 to about 0.65 when measured in the temperature range of 35 ℃ to 40 ℃. Specifically, the composition of the present invention may have a tan delta value of about 0.35 to about 0.55 when measured in the temperature range of 35 ℃ to 40 ℃. The method of measuring the tan delta value is described below.
[17] The loss modulus (denoted by G '') and shear modulus (denoted by G ') of the composition are measured over a range of temperatures. The compositions of the present invention may have multiple phases that exhibit intrinsic physical properties as the temperature rises, although stable and uniform at room temperature and storage temperature. For example, the softening point is the temperature at which at least one phase of the composition begins to melt and can be seen by the change in slope in the shear modulus (G ') curve. The composition of the present invention may have a softening point of about 15 ° C to about 30 ° C. The preferred softening point of the composition is approximately room temperature (about 20 ° C.).
[18] Materials and compositions that are considered to be hard when contacted can have an elastic modulus of 10 ⁷ dynes / cm ² . Materials and compositions that are considered soft when contacted may have an elastic modulus of less than about 10 ⁵ dynes / cm ² . When the material's modulus approaches 10 ⁶ dynes / cm ² , the material begins to feel hard. If all phases of the composition are in the molten state, the composition may be sticky but have a liquid hardness. The elastic modulus of the viscous liquid is less than about 10 ⁴ dynes / cm ² . At body temperature (the temperature at which the composition in use is felt in the absorbent article) the material is generally not yet liquid, and thus the modulus of elasticity is somewhat greater than 10 ⁴ dynes / cm ² (the material is generally very soft but elastic). The compositions of the present invention may have an elastic modulus of about 10 ⁵ dynes / cm ² to 10 ⁷ dynes / cm ² in the temperature range experienced when the absorbent article is generally moved, stored and in use.
[19] Another related aspect in which the modulus of elasticity (G ′) can be measured over a range of temperatures is the slope of the modulus of elasticity curve. The modulus curve plots the logarithm of the modulus versus temperature. It is concluded that if the slope of the elastic modulus curve is steep, the material or composition will become liquid at low temperatures (low modulus). The compositions of the present invention may have a temperature and modulus of elasticity gradient of about -0.06 to -0.08.
[20] The composition of the present invention may further comprise about 40 to about 95 weight percent of one or more emollients. More specifically, the composition may comprise about 70 to about 80 weight percent emollient. Emollients are skin conditioning ingredients that help to soften, smoothen, plasticize, moisturize and moisturize the skin, improve the appearance of the skin, and improve the feel and protection of the skin. Suitable emollients include petroleum based oils, waseline, vegetable oils, hydrogenated vegetable oils, animal oils, hydrogenated animal oils, mineral oils, alkyl dimethicones, alkyl methicones, alkyldimethicone copolyols, phenyl silicones, alkyl trimethylsilanes, Dimethicone, lanolin and derivatives thereof, esters, branched esters, glycerol esters and derivatives thereof, propylene glycol esters and derivatives thereof, alkoxylated carboxylic acids, alkoxylated alcohols, fatty alcohols, triglycerides, alkyl hydroxy Stearates and mixtures of these compounds. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that emollients may also contribute to the rheology and viscosity of the composition.
[21] The compositions of the present invention may comprise from about 0.1 to about 40 weight percent of one or more compounds that act as viscosity increasing agents to increase the melting point viscosity of the emollients of the composition. More specifically, the composition comprises about 5 to about 20 weight percent of one or more viscosity increasing agents. Even more specifically, the composition comprises about 10 to about 15 weight percent viscosity increasing agent.
[22] Examples of suitable viscosity increasing agents include polyolefin resins, lipophilic / oil thickeners, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, quaternary starch compounds, natural clays, synthetic replicas of natural clays, organically modified clays, quaternary modified clays, Polyethylene, silica, silica silyl, silica methyl silylate, colloidal silicon dioxide, alkyl hydroxy ethyl cellulose, microcrystalline wax, hexadecyl-cosanyl-hexacosanate, shellac wax, glycol montanate, ozokerite wax, C ₂₀ -C ₄₀ alkyl hydroxystearyl stearate, polyperfluoromethylisopropylether montan wax, and mixtures of these compounds, including but not limited to.
[23] In addition, the composition of the present invention may comprise about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of silicone elastomer. Silicone elastomers contribute to improving the rheological properties of the composition, contribute to improving the breathability of the composition, and impart anti-irritant effects to the composition. More specifically, the composition of the present invention comprises about 5 to about 15% by weight of one or more silicone elastomers. Suitable examples of silicone elastomers include crosslinked non-emulsifying siloxane elastomers formed by the reaction of Si-H bonds of divinyl compounds and polysiloxanes, Si-H bonds of C ₃ -C ₂₀ alkyl polysiloxane compounds and polysiloxanes. Crosslinked non-emulsified siloxane elastomers formed and mixtures of these compounds are included, but are not limited thereto. Suitable examples of crosslinked non-emulsified siloxane elastomers include vinyl dimethicone / methicone crosspolymer, crosslinked stearyl methyl dimethyl siloxane copolymer, dimethicone / vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer, dimethicone / phenyl vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer And mixtures of these compounds. Examples of suitable emulsified silicone elastomers include vinyl MQs in which the organic group is polyglycol, polyglycerol, oligosaccharide, hydroxy-terminated polyoxyalkylene polyethers and their carboxylate esters, lower alkanol ethers, and mixtures of these compounds. Resin / organopolysiloxane crosspolymers are included.
[24] The composition of the present invention also comprises about 5 to about 60% by weight of one or more hardeners. More specifically, the composition comprises about 25 to about 50 weight percent solidifying agent. Solidifying agents are substances that can solidify the composition such that the composition is solid at room temperature and has a penetration hardness of at least 5 mm. More specifically, the solidifying agent comprises at least one substance capable of solidifying the natural fat / oil and emollient mixture to have a penetration hardness of 5 to about 365 mm at 25 ° C. In addition, the solidifying agent solidifies the emollient (or fat / oil / skin emollient mixture when fats and oils are used in the composition) to have a melting point between 32 ° C. and 100 ° C. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that such hardener components or combinations of hardeners also contribute to the rheological properties and viscosity of the composition.
[25] One or more hardeners include beeswax, behenyl behenate, behenyl benzoate, branched esters, candelina wax, carnauba wax, synthetic carnauba wax, PEG-12 carnauba wax, cerasin, Microcrystalline wax, hydrogenated microcrystalline wax, hexadecylcosanyl hexacosanate, polyperfluoromethylisopropylether montan wax, alkylmethylsiloxane, glycol montanate, jojoba wax, lanolin wax, ozokerite, paraffin, synthetic Paraffin, polyethylene, C ₂₀ -C ₄₀ alkyl hydroxystearyl stearate, C ₃₀ alkyl dimethicone, cetyl ester, zinc ester, shellac wax, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydrogenated squalene, hydrogenated jojoba oil and mixtures of these compounds Can be selected from.
[26] The composition of the present invention comprises about 0.1 to about 59% by weight natural fat or natural oil. More specifically, the composition may comprise about 10 to about 50 weight percent natural fat or natural oil. Natural fats and oils include fats, oils, essential oils, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, phospholipids and mixtures of these compounds. Natural fats and oils can be similar to lipids present in healthy skin to mimic naturally occurring lipids. Synthetic or synthetically modified fats and oils can also be used potentially if they act in the same way as their natural counterparts. Examples of fats and oils include avocado oil, apricot oil, Babassu oil, freeze oil, camellia oil, canola oil, castor oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, evening primrose oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydrogenated palm Nuclear oil, maleated soybean oil, meadowfoam oil, palm kernel oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, spinolipid, thinning oil, tall oil, lanolin, lanolin alcohol, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic oil Acids, linoleic acid, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, rosemary oil, calendula oil, chamomile oil, eucalyptus oil, juniper oil, sandalwood oil, tea tree oil, sunflower oil , Soybean oil and mixtures thereof.
[27] The composition also includes sterols, sterol derivatives or a mixture of both in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10% by weight. Sterols and sterol derivatives include β-sterols having tails on the 17 position and having no polar groups, such as cholesterol, C ₁₀ -C ₃₀ cholesterol / ranosterol esters, tall oil sterols, soy sterols, sterol esters and mixtures of these compounds Can be mentioned. More specifically, the composition comprises about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent of sterols, sterol derivatives or a mixture of both. Even more specifically, the composition comprises about 0.8 to about 1 weight percent sterol compound. Examples of suitable sterol compounds include cholesterol, cytosterol, stigmasterol, and ergosterol, as well as C ₁₀ -C ₃₀ cholesterol / lanosterol esters, cholecalciferol, cholesteryl hydroxystearate, cholesteryl isostearate, Cholesteryl stearate, 7-dehydrocholesterol, dihydrocholesterol, dihydrocholesteryl octyldecanoate, dihydrolanosterol, dihydroranosteryl octyldecanoate, ergocalciferol, tall oil sterol, soy sterol Acetates, lanasterols, soy sterols, avocado sterols, "AVOCADIN" (tradename of Croda Ltd., Pasipani, NJ), sterol esters and mixtures thereof, but are not limited thereto. It doesn't happen.
[28] In addition to the components already described, the compositions of the present invention may also include active ingredients, such as skin hygiene ingredients, which may be useful for treating skin irritation such as diaper rash. Examples of the active ingredient include allantoin and its derivatives, aloe, aluminum hydroxide gel, calamine, cocoa butter, cod liver oil, dimethicone, glycerin, kaolin and its derivatives, lanolin and its derivatives, mineral oil, waselin, white waselin, shark liver oil Talc, topical starch, zinc stearate, zinc carbonate, zinc oxide and mixtures of these components. Some of the ingredients listed as possible active ingredients for treating skin can also be used as emollients.
[29] Ranges are used to describe the relative amounts of the components in the compositions of the present invention, and ranges are used to describe the relative physical properties of the compositions of the present invention. These ranges are exemplary and will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the nature of a particular composition will determine the amount to be applied to achieve the desired result. The amount of components can be ascertained by routine experimentation in light of the present teachings.
[30] Compositions of the present invention typically have a melting point of about 32 to about 100 ° C. Melt behavior within this range provides a composition that is relatively immobilized and localized on the body contacting surface of the bodyside liner of the absorbent article at room temperature. Although relatively immobilized and localized at room temperature, the composition can also be readily delivered to the wearer of the article at body temperature through natural rubbing or friction during wear and through attachment of the composition to the wearer's skin. The compositions also maintain their integrity at elevated temperatures such as may be experienced during storage and are not completely liquid. Stability of the solid state at elevated temperatures may be made possible, in part, with respect to the increase in viscosity provided by the viscosity raising agent. Preferably, the compositions of the present invention can be readily delivered to the skin by general contact, the adhesion of the composition to the skin, movement of the wearer, or body heat. Because the composition is relatively immobilized on the body contact surface of the article, the amount of composition needed to provide the desired skin barrier benefit is reduced. In addition, articles of the invention may not require special barriers or wrapping materials.
[31] The composition of the present invention has a high shear viscosity of less than about 5,000 centipoise at processing temperatures, such as about 60 ° C. or higher. Melting point and processing temperature vary as the composition of the present invention varies. At about 55 ° C. or less, the composition may have a low shear viscosity of greater than about 50,000 centipoise. The composition may also have a penetration hardness of about 5 millimeters to about 365 millimeters at 25 ° C.
[32] The absorbent articles and compositions of the present invention advantageously protect the skin barrier, inhibit inflammation and exhibit improved rheological properties in a manner not observed in conventional absorbent articles and compositions. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed as exemplary. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide and illustrate further understanding of the articles, methods, and compositions of the present invention. The drawings, together with the description, serve to explain various aspects of the invention.
[33] The present invention may be understood in more detail and further advantages will become apparent upon reference to the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings. The drawings are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims. Like parts of the absorbent articles illustrated in the figures are referred to by the same numerals.
[34] 1 representatively shows a partially cut-away top plan view of an absorbent article according to one embodiment of the present invention with the surface of the article in contact with the wearer's skin facing the viewer, in an elongated flat position.
[35] 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the elastic modulus (G ′) and the temperature of the composition of the present invention.
[36] 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the modulus of elasticity (G ′) and the temperature of a composition of the invention and a composition already known.
[37] The present invention is directed to identifying a composition that is delivered from the body contacting surface of an absorbent article to the wearer's skin and is distributed more evenly to the skin than conventionally known compositions, providing a better barrier to irritants. The composition of the present invention has balanced spreadability and stable film formability. The invention also relates to a composition for use in an absorbent article having a silicone elastomer component.
[38] The disclosure of the present invention will be expressed in various components, elements, structures, shapes, arrangements, and other features that may each be individually or together referred to as the term "embodiment" or other similar terms of the present invention. Various embodiments of the disclosed invention can include one or more of various features and embodiments, which features and embodiments may be utilized in any other desired effective combination thereof.
[39] In the present disclosure, other terms derived from the roots of "comprising", "comprising" and other "comprising" specify the presence of any feature, element, integer, step, or component described, but not less than one other. It is an open term that does not exclude the presence or addition of features, elements, integers, steps or components or combinations thereof.
[40] The present invention includes a composition applied to a body contact material of an absorbent article and an absorbent article comprising the composition. The following detailed description will be made in terms of disposable diapers suitable for infants to wear around their lower torso, a type of absorbent article. However, the absorbent articles of the present invention may also be used as other types of absorbent articles, such as feminine hygiene pads, incontinence garments, training pants, pre-fastened or refastenable diaper pants, wound dressings or nursing pads. It is easy to see that it is also suitable for. In addition, the compositions of the present invention are not limited to application on the body contact material of the absorbent article. For example, the compositions of the present invention can be used on skin-contacting supports such as tissues, wet (pre-soaked) wipe materials, and cosmetic pads (eg for cleansing or buffing).
[41] 1 is a representative plan view of a disposable diaper 10 of the present invention in an unfolded and unshrinked state (ie, all elastically induced gathering and shrinkage has been removed). The body contacting surface 11 of the diaper 10, that is, the surface 11 of the diaper 10 in contact with the wearer, faces the viewer. The composition of the present invention may be applied to one or more body contact materials that are components of the diaper 10. The term "body contact material" as used herein includes, but is not limited to, bodyside liner or surfacesheets, elastic materials, tissues, absorbent and distributed materials, absorbent materials, and backsheet materials. Each of these materials and components of the diaper 10 is described in more detail herein. The compositions of the present invention are applied to one or more body contact materials in order to have a beneficial effect on the skin barrier. The body contact material of the present invention may be single layer or multilayer.
[42] Referring to FIG. 1, the diaper 10 generally forms a front waist region 12, a back waist region 14 and an intermediate region 16 that interconnects the front and rear waist regions 12 and 14. do. The front and rear waist regions 12 and 14 comprise a general portion of the diaper 10 configured to extend substantially over the front and rear abdominal region of the wearer, respectively, during use. The middle section 16 of the diaper 10 includes a general portion of the diaper 10 that is configured to extend through the crotch region between the wearer's legs.
[43] The diaper 10 includes a vapor permeable backsheet or outer cover 20, a liquid permeable surface sheet or body side liner 22 positioned opposite the outer cover 20, and the outer cover 20 and body side liner. And an absorbent body 24, such as an absorbent pad, positioned between the 22's. The outer cover 20 forms a length and width that match the length and width of the diaper 10 in the illustrated embodiment. The absorbers 24 generally form a length and width that are less than the length and width of the outer cover 20, respectively. Thus, the edge portions of the diaper 10, for example the edge regions of the outer cover 20, may extend past the distal edges of the absorber 24. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the outer cover 20 extends outwards beyond the distal edge edges of the absorbent 24 to form the side and end edges of the diaper 10. The bodyside liner 22 generally spans the same space as the outer cover 20, but may optionally cover an area larger or smaller than the area of the outer cover 20 as needed. In other words, the body side liner 22 is connected in an overlapping relationship with the outer cover 20. The outer cover 20 and bodyside liner 22 are adapted to face the wearer's clothing and body, respectively, during use.
[44] To provide improved fit and to help reduce body waste leakage from the diaper 10, the diaper side edges and end edges can be elasticized with suitable elastic members, such as single or multiple elastic strands. The elastic strands may be made of natural or synthetic rubber and may optionally be heat shrinkable or heat elasticizable. For example, as representatively illustrated in FIG. 1, the diaper 10 functionally gathers and pleats the side edges of the diaper 10 to fit snugly around the wearer's legs to reduce leakage and improve comfort and appearance. Leg elastic material 26 configured to provide resilient leg bands. Similarly, waist elastic material 28 may be used to elasticize the end edges of diaper 10 to provide an elasticized waist. The waist elastics 28 are configured to functionally gather and pleat the waist region to fit elastically and comfortably around the waist of the wearer. In the illustrated embodiments, the elastic members are illustrated in their non-contracted stretched state for clarity.
[45] Fastening means such as hook and loop fasteners 30 are used to secure the diaper 10 on the wearer. Alternatively, other fastening means may be used, such as buttons, pins, snaps, adhesive tape fasteners, pressure sensitive adhesives, mushroom-and-loop fasteners, and the like. In addition, two or more fasteners may be provided, especially if the diaper 10 is to be provided in a pre-tightened form. The fasteners may vary in size and shape.
[46] The diaper 10 may further include other layers between the absorber 24 and the bodyside liner 22 or the outer cover 20. For example, as representatively illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the diaper 10 isolates the outer cover 20 from the absorber 24 to improve air circulation and the garment facing surface of the outer cover 20. It may include a ventilation layer 32 located between the absorber 24 and the outer cover 20 to effectively reduce the dampness of the. Ventilation layer 32 may also help distribute fluid excretion to portions of absorber 24 that do not directly receive excretion. The diaper 10 is also located between the bodyside liner 22 and the absorber 24 to prevent pooling of the fluid waste and further improve the distribution and air exchange of the fluid waste within the diaper 10. It may also include a surge treatment layer 34.
[47] The diaper 10 may have various suitable forms. For example, the diaper may have an overall rectangular, T-shaped, or approximately hourglass shape. In the illustrated embodiment, the diaper 10 generally has an I-shape. The diaper 10 further defines the longitudinal direction 36 and the transverse direction 38. Other suitable diaper components that may be included on the absorbent article of the present invention include receptacle flaps, waist flaps, elastic side panels, and the like, generally known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Likewise, when the diaper 10 is sold in a pre-tightened state, the diaper 10 may have a passive engagement (not shown) connecting the back waist region 14 and the front waist region 12.
[48] Meyer, patented January 17, 1989, which is incorporated herein by reference, examples of diaper types suitable for use in connection with the present application, which may include other diaper components suitable for use on the diaper. US Patent No. 4,798,603, et al .; US Patent No. 5,176,668 to Bernardin, filed Jan. 5, 1993; US Patent No. 5,176,672 to Bremmer, issued January 5, 1993; US Pat. No. 5,192,606 to Proxmire et al. On March 9, 1993, and US Pat. No. 5,509,915 to Hanson et al. On April 23, 1996.
[49] The various components of the diaper 10 are integrally assembled together using various types of suitable attachment means, such as adhesives, sonic bonds, thermal bonds, or in combination thereof. In the embodiment shown, for example, the bodyside liner 22 and the outer cover 20 are assembled to each other and to the absorber 24 in a line of adhesives such as hot melt, pressure sensitive adhesives. Similarly, other diaper components, such as elastic members 26 and 28, fastening member 30, and vent and surge layers 32 and 34, may be assembled into diaper 10 using the attachment mechanism described above. Can be.
[50] As representatively illustrated in FIG. 1, the outer cover 20 of the diaper 10 is substantially made of a vapor permeable material. The permeability of the outer cover 20 hydrates the skin of the wearer during use while avoiding excessive condensation of vapor, such as urine, on the surface facing the clothes of the outer cover 20, which may undesirably dampen the wearer's clothing. And to improve the breathability of the diaper 10. The outer cover 20 is generally configured to be permeable to at least water vapor, from about ^{1000 g / m 2/24 hr} . Or more, preferably from about ^{1500 g / m 2/24 hr} . Or more, more preferably from about ^{2000 g / m 2/24 hr} . Or higher, and still more preferably from about ^{3000 g / m 2/24 hr} . It has the above-mentioned water vapor permeability. For example, the outer cover 20 may be indicative of the water vapor transmission rate of from about 1000 to about ^{6000 g / m 2/24 hr} .. Materials having water vapor permeability below the above values may not allow a sufficient amount of air exchange to occur, which undesirably increases skin hydration.
[51] The outer cover 20 is also preferably substantially liquid impermeable. For example, the outer cover 20 may be configured to provide a hydrohead value of at least about 60 cm, preferably at least about 80 cm, and even more preferably at least about 100 cm when subjected to hydrostatic testing. Materials with hydrohead values below the above values undesirably cause infiltration of liquids such as urine during use, which undesirably results in a damp and sticky feeling on the outer cover 20 during use. Can bring Methods for measuring water vapor permeability and hydrostatic pressure are described in US Pat. No. 6,217,890 to Paul et al. On April 17, 2001. This patent is incorporated herein by reference.
[52] The outer cover 20 may be deformed or treated in any way to provide any suitable material that would directly provide the desired levels of liquid impermeability and air permeability, or alternatively the values described above. It may be made of a material. In one embodiment, the outer cover 20 may be a nonwoven fibrous web configured to provide the required level of liquid impermeability. For example, the nonwoven web of spunbond or meltblown polymer fibers may optionally be treated with a water repellent coating or laminated with a liquid impermeable, vapor permeable polymer film to provide the outer cover 20. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the outer cover 20 is a plurality of randomly attached hydrophobic thermoplastic meltbles that are sufficiently bonded to each other or otherwise connected to provide a substantially vapor permeable and substantially liquid impermeable web. It may comprise a nonwoven web of new fibers. The outer cover 20 may also include a vapor permeable nonwoven layer that is partially coated or otherwise configured to provide liquid impermeability at selected areas.
[53] An example of a material suitable for the outer cover 20 is also incorporated herein by reference, the name of the invention patented by Bradley et al. On January 9, 1996, entitled "NONWOVEN FABRIC LAMINATE WITH ENHANCED BARRIER PROPERTIES. US Patent No. 5,482,765; US Patent No. 5,879,341, entitled “ABSORBENT ARTICLE HAVING A BREATHABILITY GRADIENT”, filed March 9, 1999 under the name Odorzynski; US Patent No. 5,843,058, entitled "ABSORBENT ARTICLE HAVING A COMPOSITE BREATHABLE BACKSHEET", filed December 1, 1998 under the name Good; And US Pat. No. 6,309,736 to MacCormack et al. On October 30, 2001. These documents are incorporated herein by reference.
[54] In certain embodiments, the outer cover 20 is provided by a microporous film / nonwoven laminate material that includes a spunbond nonwoven material laminated to the microporous film. The spunbond nonwoven comprises about 1.8 denier filaments extruded from about 3.5 weight percent of a copolymer of propylene and ethylene and exhibits a basis weight of about 17 to about 25 grams per square meter. The film comprises a cast coextruded film with calcium carbonate particles therein and exhibits a basis weight of about 58 grams per square meter before stretching. The film is preheated, stretched and annealed to form micropores and then laminated to a spunbond nonwoven. The resulting microporous quality film / nonwoven laminate based material has a water vapor transmission rate of from about 30 to about 60 grams / square meter basis weight and from about 3000 to about ^{6000 g / m 2/24 hr} .. An example of such a film / nonwoven laminate material is U.S. Patent No. 1 entitled "LOW GAUGE FILMS AND FILM / NONWOVEN LAMINATES", assigned to MacCormack et al. On October 30, 2001, which is incorporated herein by reference. 6,309,736, which is described in more detail.
[55] In another embodiment, the outer cover 20 is provided by an extensible material. In addition, the outer cover 20 may also be provided by a material having stretchability in both the length 36 and transverse 38 directions. Stretchable and stretchable outer cover materials may be used in absorbent articles to provide various advantages, including better fitting articles.
[56] As representatively illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the bodyside liner 22 provides a compliant, soft feel and provides a non-irritating body contact surface 11 to the wearer's skin. In addition, the bodyside liner 22 may be less hydrophilic than the absorbent 24 to provide a wearer with a relatively dry surface, and may be porous enough to be liquid permeable to allow liquid to easily pass through its thickness. have. Suitable bodyside liners 22 are porous foams, reticulated foams, perforated plastic films, natural fibers (e.g. wool or cotton fibers), synthetic fibers (e.g. polyester or polypropylene fibers), or natural and synthetic It can be prepared from a wide variety of web materials, such as mixtures of fibers. The bodyside liner 22 is suitably used to help isolate the wearer's skin from the liquid retained in the absorbent 24.
[57] Various fabrics and nonwovens can be used for the bodyside liner 22. For example, the bodyside liner 22 may consist of a meltblown or spunbond web of polyolefin fibers. The bodyside liner 22 may also be a bonded-carded-web made of natural and / or synthetic fibers. The bodyside liner 22 may be made of a substantially hydrophobic material, which may optionally be treated with a surfactant or otherwise processed to impart a desirable level of wettability and hydrophilicity. In certain embodiments of the invention, the bodyside liner 22 consists of about 2.8 to 3.2 denier fibers molded into a web having a basis weight of about 22 grams per square meter and a density of about 0.06 grams per cubic centimeter. Bond polypropylene fabrics.
[58] In a particular embodiment of the invention, the bodyside liner 22 is composed of AHCOVEL Base N-62 and Glucophone 220UP surfactants in a ratio of about 3: 1 based on the total weight of the surfactant mixture. The surface treatment can be about 0.3% by weight of the surfactant mixture containing the mixture. Acobell-based N-62 surfactants are purchased from Hodgson Textile Chemicals Inc., a company with offices in Mount Holly, North Carolina, USA, and hydrogenated ethoxylated castor oil and sorbitan mono A 55:45 weight ratio blend of oleate. Glucophone 220UP surfactants are purchased from Henkel Corporation and include alkyl polyglycosides. The surfactant may also include additional ingredients such as aloe. The surfactant can be applied by any conventional means such as spraying, printing, brush coating, foam, and the like. The surfactant may be applied to the entire bodyside liner 22 or selectively applied to a specific area of the bodyside liner 22, for example a central area along the longitudinal centerline of the diaper, to provide greater wettability to the area. Can be.
[59] The absorbent body 24 of the diaper 10 is suitably a matrix of hydrophilic fibers, for example a cellulosic system mixed with particles of a superabsorbent material, generally known as a superabsorbent material, as exemplarily illustrated in FIG. It may include a web of fluff. In certain embodiments, absorbent 24 comprises a matrix of superabsorbent hydrogel forming particles and cellulosic fluff, such as wood pulp fluff. Wood pulp fluff can be exchanged into synthetic, polymer, meltblown fibers or a mixture of meltblown fibers and natural fibers. The superabsorbent particles may be substantially homogeneously mixed or heterogeneously mixed with the hydrophilic fibers. Alternatively, absorbent 24 may include a fibrous web and a laminate of superabsorbent material or other suitable matrix for maintaining the superabsorbent material within a localized area.
[60] The absorber 24 can take any number of forms. For example, the absorber 24 may be rectangular, T-shaped or I-shaped. It is generally preferred that the absorber 24 is narrower in the middle region than the front or back waist region of the diaper 10. The absorbers 24 may be provided in one layer or alternatively may be provided as a plurality of layers, all of which need not extend beyond the entire length and width of the absorber 24. In certain aspects of the invention, the absorbent body 24 generally has a transversely extending “T” bar in the front waist region 12 of the absorbent article, particularly for boys, to provide improved performance. It may be a corresponding T-shape. In the illustrated embodiment, for example, the absorbent 24 across the front waist region 12 of the article has a transverse width of about 18 centimeters, and the narrowest portion of the intermediate region 16 is about 7.5 centimeters wide. And a back waist region 14 having a width of about 11.4 centimeters.
[61] The size and absorbent capacity of the absorber 24 should be able to correspond to the liquid load applied by the intended wearer's dimensions and the intended use of the absorbent article. In addition, the size and absorbent capacity of the absorber 24 can be varied to be applicable to wearers from infants to adults. It has also been found that for the present invention, the density and / or basis weight of the absorber 24 may vary. In certain aspects of the invention, the absorbent 24 has an absorbent capacity of at least about 300 grams of synthetic urine.
[62] In embodiments where the absorbent 24 comprises a mixture of hydrophilic fibers and superabsorbent particles, the hydrophilic fibers and superabsorbent particles may form an average basis weight of the absorbent 24 in the range of about 400 to 900 grams per square meter. . In certain aspects of the invention, the average composite basis weight of the absorbent 24 is in the range of about 500 to 800 grams per square meter, preferably about 550 to 750 grams per square meter to provide the desired performance.
[63] In order to provide desirable thin dimensions for the various forms of the absorbent article of the present invention, the absorbent body 24 may take the form having a bulk thickness of about 0.6 centimeters or less. Preferably, the bulk thickness is about 0.53 centimeters or less, more preferably about 0.5 centimeters or less to provide improved advantages. Bulk thickness is measured under a constraint pressure of 0.2 psi (1.38 kPa).
[64] Superabsorbent materials can be selected from natural, synthetic, and modified natural polymers and materials. The superabsorbent material may be an inorganic material such as silica gel or an organic compound such as a crosslinked polymer. The term “crosslinked” usually refers to a method for making the water soluble material effectively, substantially water insoluble but water swellable. Examples of the method include physical entanglement, crystalline regions, covalent bonds, ion complexes and associations, hydrophilic associations such as hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic associations or van der Waals forces.
[65] Examples of synthetic polymer superabsorbent materials include maleic anhydride copolymers with poly (acrylic acid) and poly (methacrylic acid), poly (acrylamide), poly (vinyl ether), vinyl ethers and alpha-olefins, poly (vinyl pi) Alkali metal and ammonium salts of ralidone), poly (vinyl morpholinone), poly (vinyl alcohol) and mixtures and copolymers thereof. Further suitable polymers for use in the absorber 24 include natural and modified natural polymers such as hydrolyzed acrylonitrile-grafted starch, acrylic acid grafted starch, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy Propyl cellulose and natural gums such as alginate, xanthan gum, and cedar gum. Mixtures of natural and wholly or partially synthetic absorbent polymers may also be useful in the present invention.
[66] Superabsorbent materials can be of a wide variety of geometric shapes. In general, it is preferred that the superabsorbent material be in the form of discrete particles. However, the superabsorbent material may also be in the form of fibers, flakes, rods, spheres, needles or other forms capable of their intended absorption. Generally, the superabsorbent material is in an amount of about 5 to about 90 weight percent, preferably in an amount of at least about 30 weight percent and even more preferably in an amount of at least about 50 weight percent, based on the total weight of the absorbent 24. In the absorber 24. For example, in certain embodiments, absorbent 24 is at least about 50% and preferably at least about 70% superabsorbent material overlapped by a fibrous web or other means suitable for keeping the superabsorbent material within the localized area. Laminates containing at least% may be included.
[67] An example of a superabsorbent material suitable for use in the present invention is the SANWET IM 3900 polymer, available from Hoechst Celanese, a company with offices in Portsmouth, Virginia. Other suitable superabsorbents include FAVOR SXM 880 polymer from Stockhausen, a company with offices in Greensboro, North Carolina, USA.
[68] Optionally, substantially hydrophilic tissue wrapsheets (not illustrated) may be used to help maintain the integrity of the structure of the absorber 24. The tissue wrapsheet is typically located around the absorber 24 on its two or more important opposing surfaces. The tissue wrapsheet may be made of absorbent cellulose material, such as creped cotton or high wet-strength tissue. In one aspect of the invention, the tissue wrapsheet may take the form of providing an wicking layer that aids in quickly distributing the liquid over the mass of absorbent fibers that make up the absorbent 24.
[69] The absorbents 24 on the different sides of the present invention further have a high aeration to allow air and vapor to easily pass from the diaper 10 through the absorbents 24 and through the vapor permeable outer cover 20 into the surrounding air. It includes a plurality of bands having. For example, absorber 24 may include a plurality of air passages that provide a zone or zone with high air permeability to absorber 24. The portion of the absorber 24 adjacent to the air passage provides a high absorption zone and area. The zone with high air permeability is designed to provide maximum air exchange from the absorber 24, while the high absorption zone is designed to receive and retain most of the body's excrement. Absorber 24 can form any number of zones with high air permeability providing improved air exchange. Preferably, the absorber 24 forms at least three and more preferably at least five different zones with high air permeability for improved performance.
[70] Zones with high air permeability, for example air passages, improve the breathability of the article to reduce hydration of the wearer's skin during use while preventing excessive condensation of vapor, such as urine, on the garment contact surface of the outer cover 20. Take form. This condensation of vapor on the outer surface of the diaper 10 can undesirably dampen the wearer's clothing. Zones with high air permeability will generally be passed therethrough from the bodyside liner 22 through the layer or layers of material sandwiched between the absorber 24 and any other, out of the vapor permeable outer cover 20. Located within the diaper area. For example, a zone with high air permeability may be located throughout the absorbent 24 or optionally in these areas of the absorbent 24 that provide maximum air exchange, such as the intermediate zone 16 of the diaper 20. Can be located. In certain embodiments, the zones with high air permeability are located in the front and middle regions 12 and 16 of the diaper 10, respectively, to improve air exchange.
[71] On the other hand, the high absorption zone is not designed to deliver large amounts of air and steam from the interior of the diaper 10. Thus, air exchange from the bodyside liner 22 of the diaper 10 to the outer cover 20 of the diaper and to the ambient atmosphere (outside of the diaper 10) generally absorbs the absorber 24 in the zone with high aeration. Happens through. Some degree of air exchange through the absorber 24 may also occur to a limited extent within the high absorption zone. Bands with high air permeability may have any desired shape, including rectangular, round, hourglass, oval, etc., and may also include selected longitudinal or transverse strips or multiple regions that may be intermittently located. It may be.
[72] The zone with high air permeability may have any desired dimension that can effectively prevent the excessive condensation of vapor from the absorber 24 through and onto the clothing contacting surface of the outer cover 20 while providing improved air exchange. Can be. Preferably, the zone with high air permeability is about 5 to about 75%, more preferably about 10% or more, even more preferably about 10 to about 70% of the total surface area of the absorbent body 24 of the diaper 10. And even more preferably about 10 to about 60% total area. For example, of diapers 10 intended for use in infants of medium dimensions, the zones with high ventilation may represent a total area of about 6 to about 90 square centimeters.
[73] When the total area of the zones 42 having high air permeability is larger than the above amount, the diaper 10 undesirably exposes the outer cover 20 which causes a sticky feel on the outer surface of the diaper 10. It may indicate condensation of an undesirable amount of vapor on the Dean garment contact surface. On the other hand, when the total area of the zones with high air permeability is less than the above amount, the diaper 10 may exhibit a low air exchange rate, which leads to a high degree of skin hydration which may undesirably cause skin irritation and rashes. .
[74] The zone with high air permeability of the absorbent body 24 of the diaper 10 is configured to be substantially permeable to at least air and preferably water vapor. For example, the zone with the high air permeability of the absorber 24 is at least about 10%, more preferably at least about 20% and even more preferably about 50 weight than the Fraser porosity of the high absorption zone of the absorber 24. Fraser porosity values of% or more are shown. As used herein, the term "fraser porosity" refers to a value determined according to the Fraser Porosity test described in US Pat. No. 6,217,890, issued April 17, 2001 to Paul et al. When the band with high air permeability shows a Fraser porosity value less than the above values, the diaper 10 may exhibit a low air exchange rate, which leads to a high degree of skin hydration that may undesirably lead to skin irritation and rashes. .
[75] Bands with high ventilation can be provided in a variety of ways. The zone with high air permeability may be an entire portion of the absorbent article 24 of the absorbent article or may be provided by an opening, hole or open space in the absorbent article 24. For example, portions of absorber 24 may be discontinuous or removed to provide a zone. Alternatively, a zone with high air permeability may be provided by an absorber 24 portion configured to absorb less fluid waste so that in use can result in improved air flow through this portion. For example, the absorber 24 portion may or may not contain substantially less superabsorbent material than other portions of the absorber 24 to provide this improved air flow. The portion of the absorber 24 may be coated or otherwise treated with a solution that renders them hydrophobic to provide zones with high air permeability in the selected area. In another alternative form, the zone with high air permeability is suitable for other materials that create holes or voids in the absorber 24 and have a higher air permeability than the absorber 24, for example, the surge treatment layer 34 below. It may be provided by placing the materials described in holes or voids.
[76] Because of the thinness of the absorbent 24 and the superabsorbent material in the absorbent 24, the liquid absorption rate of the absorbent 24 itself is either too low or will be adequately maintained over several excretion of liquid into the absorbent 24. Can't. In order to improve the overall liquid absorption and air exchange, the diaper 10 of the different side of the present invention may further comprise a porous liquid permeable layer of surge treatment material 34 as representatively illustrated in FIG. 1. have. The surge treatment layer 34 is typically less hydrophilic than the absorber 24 and rapidly collects and temporarily retains liquid surges, moving the liquid from its initial inlet point and liquid to other portions of the absorber 24. It has a level of density and basis weight that can function to release substantially completely. This form can help prevent the liquid from pooling on the diaper 10 portion that is pooled and positioned to face the wearer's skin, thereby reducing the wetness felt by the wearer. The structure of the surge treatment layer 34 also generally improves air exchange within the diaper 10.
[77] Various nonwovens and fabrics may be used to construct the surge treatment layer 34. For example, surge treatment layer 34 may be a layer of meltblown or spunbond webs of synthetic fibers, such as polyolefin fibers. Surge treatment layer 34 may also be a bonded-carded-web or airlaid web made of natural and synthetic fibers. The bonded-carded-web can be, for example, a thermally bonded web that is bonded using low melt binder fibers, powders or adhesives. The web may optionally comprise a mixture of different fibers. The surge treatment layer 34 may be made substantially of a hydrophobic material, and the hydrophobic material may be treated with a surfactant or otherwise processed to impart desirable levels of wetting and hydrophilicity. In certain embodiments, surge treatment layer 34 includes a hydrophobic nonwoven material having a basis weight of about 30 to about 120 grams per square meter.
[78] For example, in certain embodiments, surge treatment layer 34 may include a bonded-carded-web nonwoven comprising bicomponent fibers and exhibiting a total basis weight of about 83 grams per square meter. This type of surge treatment layer 34 has a fiber length of about 3.8 to about 5.08 centimeters and a polyethylene / poly having about 40% by weight of a single component polyester fiber having a fiber denier of about 6 d and a fiber denier of about 3 d. It may be a homogeneous blend of about 60% by weight of ester (PE / PET) sheath-core bicomponent fibers.
[79] In the illustrated embodiment, the surge treatment layer 34 is disposed in direct contact with the absorber 24 in liquid communication. The surge treatment layer 34 may be functionally connected to the bodyside liner 22 in a conventional adhesive pattern, for example in a swirl adhesive pattern. In addition, the surge treatment layer 34 may be functionally connected to the absorber 24 in a conventional adhesive pattern. The amount of adhesive added should be sufficient to provide the desired degree of bonding, but low enough to avoid excessively constraining the movement of the liquid from the bodyside liner 22 into the absorber 24 through the surge treatment layer 34. .
[80] The absorber 24 is placed in liquid communication with the surge treatment layer 34 to receive the liquid discharged from the surge treatment layer 34 and hold and store the liquid. In the embodiment shown, the surge treatment layer 34 includes a separate layer comprising an absorber 24 positioned over the other, thereby forming a double layer arrangement. The surge treatment layer 34 quickly collects and temporarily retains the discharged liquid, displaces the liquid from the initial contact point, disperses the liquid to other portions of the surge treatment layer 34 and then constitutes the absorber 24. Serves to release the liquid substantially completely into the layer or layers.
[81] The surge treatment layer 34 may be in any desired form. Examples of suitable forms include round, rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, oval, dog bone, hourglass or oval. In certain embodiments, for example, surge treatment layer 34 may generally be rectangular. In the illustrated embodiment, the surge treatment layer 34 spans the same space as the absorber 24. Alternatively, surge treatment layer 34 may extend over only a portion of absorber 24. If the surge treatment layer 34 only partially extends along the length of the absorber 24, the surge treatment layer 34 may be selectively positioned anywhere along the absorber 24. For example, the surge treatment layer 34 may function more efficiently when it is offset towards the front waist region 12 of the diaper 10. Surge treatment layer 34 may also be centered approximately around the longitudinal centerline of absorber 24.
[82] Additional materials suitable for the surge treatment layer 34 are disclosed on January 23, 1996, which is incorporated herein by reference. US Pat. No. 5,486,166, entitled "FIBROUS NONWOVEN WEB SURGE LAYER FOR PERSONAL CARE ABSORBENT ARTICLE AND THE LIKE", by C. Ellis et al .; US Patent No. 5,490,846, entitled "IMPROVED SURGE MANAGEMENT FIBROUS NONWOVEN WEB FOR PERSONAL CARE ABSORBENT ARTICLES AND THE LIKE", issued February 13, 1996, by Ellis et al .; And US Pat. No. 5,364,382, entitled "ABSORBENT STRUCTURE HAVING IMPROVED FLUID SURGE MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCT INCORPORATING SAME", filed November 15, 1994 under the name Latimer et al.
[83] As representatively illustrated in FIG. 1, the diaper 10 may also include a ventilation layer 32 positioned between the outer cover 20 and the absorber 24. The ventilation layer 32 serves to facilitate movement of air in and through the diaper 10 and to prevent the outer cover 20 from surface to surface contact with at least a portion of the absorbent 24. Specifically, the venting layer 32 acts as a conduit through which air and water vapor can move from the absorber 24 through the vapor permeable outer cover 20.
[84] The vent layer 32 is a nonwoven (eg, spunbond, meltblown or carded) made of a material described above as suitable for the surge treatment layer 34, for example natural fibers and / or synthetic polymer fibers. It can be formed from woven or knitted fibrous webs. Examples of suitable fibers include acrylic fibers, polyolefin fibers, polyester fibers or blends thereof. The vent layer 32 may also be made from porous foam materials, such as continuous bubble polyolefin foams, reticulated polyurethane foams, and the like. Ventilation layer 32 may comprise a single layer of material or a composite of two or more layers of material. In certain embodiments, the vent layer 32 comprises a hydrophobic nonwoven material having a thickness of at least about 0.10 centimeters and a basis weight of about 20 to about 120 grams per square meter measured under a constraint pressure of 0.05 psi (0.34 kPa). For example, the vent layer 32 may comprise a bonded-carded-web nonwoven that exhibits a total basis weight of about 83 grams per square meter and comprises bicomponent fibers. Ventilation layer 32 of this type has a fiber length of about 3.8 to about 5.08 centimeters and polyethylene / polyester having about 40% by weight of a single component polyester fiber having a fiber denier of about 6 d and a fiber denier of about 3 d. (PE / PET) sheath-core bicomponent fibers may be a homogeneous blend of about 60% by weight.
[85] The ventilation layer 32 may be in any desired form. Examples of suitable forms include round, rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, oval, dog bone, hourglass or oval. The vent layer 32 may extend beyond the absorber 24 completely or partially above. For example, the breathing layer 32 may suitably be located on the middle region 16 of the diaper 10, and may be substantially side to side with respect to the longitudinal centerline 36 of the diaper 10. Can be centered at It is generally desirable for the entire absorbent 24 to be overlaid with the vent layer 32 to prevent substantially all surface to surface contact between the outer cover 20 and the absorbent 24. In the illustrated embodiment, the ventilation layer 32 spans the same space as the absorber 24. This allows for maximum air exchange rate while minimizing dampness on the garment contact surface of the outer cover 20.
[86] In the illustrated embodiment, the vent layer 32 is disposed in direct contact with the absorber 24 in liquid communication. The ventilation layer 32 may be functionally connected to the outer cover 20 in a conventional adhesive pattern, for example in a swirl adhesive pattern. In addition, the ventilation layer 32 may be functionally connected to the absorber 24 in a conventional adhesive pattern. The amount of adhesive added should be sufficient to provide the desired degree of bonding, but low enough to avoid excessively restricting the movement of air and vapor from the absorber 24 through the outer cover 20.
[87] The venting layer 32 may serve to quickly collect and temporarily retain the released liquid, which pass through the bands with high air permeability in the absorber 24, in particular in the absorber 24. The venting layer 32 can then move the liquid from the initial point of contact, disperse the liquid to other portions of the venting layer 32, and then release the liquid substantially completely into the layer or layers comprising the absorber 24. have.
[88] The composition is applied to the body contacting surface 11 of the bodyside liner 22 of the diaper 10 to maintain and enhance the barrier of the skin covered by the diaper 10. The composition may generally comprise natural fats or oils, sterols or sterol derivatives, emollient (s), viscosity enhancing agent (s) and silicone elastomer (s). The composition may also comprise natural fats or oils, hardeners and sterols or sterol derivatives. For example, the composition of the present invention may comprise about 40 to about 95 weight percent of one or more emollients; About 0.1 to about 40 weight percent of at least one viscosity increasing agent; And from about 0.1 to about 20 weight percent of one or more silicone elastomers. The composition may also include other components. Ranges are used to describe the relative amounts of components in the compositions of the present invention, as well as to describe the relative physical properties of the compositions. These ranges are exemplary and will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the nature of the composition will determine the various amounts of ingredients that must be used to achieve the intended benefits for the skin barrier. The amount can be determined by routine experimentation in light of the content provided herein.
[89] The compositions of the present invention may be in various physical forms, including emulsions, lotions, creams, ointments, salves, suspensions, gels or hybrids of these forms.
[90] The emollients of the composition act as lubricants to reduce the friction of the bodyside liner 22 against the skin and help maintain a smooth, smooth and supple appearance of the skin upon delivery to the skin. Emollients are skin conditioning ingredients that help to soften, smoothen, plasticize, moisturize and moisturize the skin, improve the appearance of the skin, and improve the feel and protection of the skin. Suitable emollients that can be incorporated into the compositions include oils such as petroleum based oils, waseline, plant based oils, hydrogenated plant based oils, animal oils, hydrogenated animal oils, mineral oils, natural or synthetic oils, alkyl dimethicones , Alkyl methicones, alkyldimethicone copolyols, phenyl silicones, alkyl trimethylsilanes, dimethicones, lanolin and derivatives thereof, esters, branched esters, glycerol esters and derivatives, propylene glycol esters and derivatives, alkoxylated carboxylic acids , Alkoxylated alcohols, fatty alcohols, triglycerides, alkyl hydroxystearates and mixtures of the above compounds are included, but is not limited thereto. Esters may be selected from, but are not limited to, cetyl palmitate, stearyl palmitate, cetyl stearate, isopropyl laurate, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate and mixtures thereof. Ethers such as eucalyptol, cetearyl glucoside, dimethyl isosorbide polyglyceryl-3 cetyl ether, polyglyceryl-3 decyltetradecanol, propylene glycol myristyl ether and mixtures thereof are also emollients Can be used as. Fatty alcohols include octyldodecanol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl and behenyl alcohols and mixtures thereof. For example, a particularly suitable emollient is wasaseline. Other conventional emollients may also be added in a manner that retains the desirable properties of the compositions described herein.
[91] In order to provide stability and delivery to the wearer's skin, the composition may comprise about 40 to about 95 weight percent, preferably about 70 to about 80 weight percent of one or more emollients. In particular embodiments, the emollient may be at least about 40% by weight. Or emollients may be at least about 70% by weight, optionally at least about 80% by weight for improved behavior. Compositions comprising amounts of emollients less than the amount described above are likely to provide lower amounts of delivery to the wearer's skin.
[92] One or more viscosity enhancing agents may be added to the composition to increase viscosity and help stabilize the formulation on the body contacting surface 11 of the bodyside liner 22 to reduce migration and improve delivery to the skin. have. Viscosity enhancers increase the melting point viscosity of the composition to have a high viscosity (greater than about 50,000 centipoise) at “hot box car” stability temperatures of about 54.5 ° C. and low shear conditions at lower temperatures. Having a viscosity at elevated temperature prevents the composition from moving away from or into the material to which they are applied. However, the viscosity enhancer component also gives the composition a low viscosity (less than about 5,000 centipoise) under shear stress at processing conditions. Typically, the processing temperature is about 5 ° C. above the melting point of the composition. In general, the processing temperature is at least about 60 ° C. Different compositions of the present invention will have different melting points. The viscosity increasing agent of the present invention may allow to maintain the viscosity of the composition to a temperature slightly below the processing temperature of a given composition. Examples of suitable viscosity increasing agents include, but are not limited to, polyolefin resins, hodgeophilic / oil thickeners, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, natural clays, synthetic replicas of natural clays, organically modified clays, quaternary modified clays, quaternary starch compounds, polyethylene , Silica, Silica Silylate, Silica Methyl Silylate, Colloidal Silicon Dioxide, Cetyl Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose, Other Organically Modified Cellulose, PVP / Decane Copolymer, PVM / MA Decadiene Crosspolymer, PVP / Icosene Copolymer , PVP / hexadecane copolymer, microcrystalline wax, hexadecyl-cosanyl-hexacosanate, shellac wax, glycol montanate, PEG-12 carnauba, synthetic paraffin, ozokerite, C ₂₀ -C ₄₀ alkyl hydroxide Oxystearyl stearate, polyperfluoromethylisopropylether montan wax and mixtures of these compounds. Particularly suitable viscosity increasing agents are ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers sold under the trade name "ELVAX" by E. DuPont (Wilmington, Delaware).
[93] To provide improved delivery to the skin of the wearer, the composition comprises from about 0.1 to about 40 weight percent, preferably from about 5 to about 20 weight percent, more preferably from about 10 to about 15 weight percent viscosity increasing agent. To reduce migration and improve delivery to the wearer's skin. In particular embodiments the viscosity increasing agent may be at least about 0.1% by weight. Or the viscosity increasing agent may be at least about 5 weight percent, optionally at least about 10 weight percent for improved behavior. In other embodiments, the viscosity increasing agent may be up to about 40 weight percent. Or the viscosity increasing agent may be up to about 20 weight percent, optionally up to about 15 weight percent for improved behavior.
[94] In addition, the composition of the present invention may comprise about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of silicone elastomer. Silicone elastomers contribute to improving the rheological properties of the composition, contribute to improving the breathability of the composition, and impart anti-irritant effects to the composition. More specifically, the composition of the present invention comprises about 5 to about 15% by weight of one or more silicone elastomers. In certain embodiments the silicone elastomer may be at least about 0.1% by weight and may be at least about 5% by weight. In other embodiments, the silicone elastomer may be at most about 20% by weight or less and may be at least about 15% by weight.
[95] Suitable examples of silicone elastomers include cross-linked non-emulsifying siloxane elastomers formed by the reaction of Si-H bonds of divinyl compounds with polysiloxanes, Si-H bonds of C ₃ -C ₂₀ alkyl polysiloxane compounds and polysiloxanes. Crosslinked non-emulsified siloxane elastomers formed and mixtures of these compounds are included, but are not limited thereto. Suitable examples of crosslinked non-emulsified siloxane elastomers include vinyl dimethicone / methicone crosspolymers, crosslinked stearyl methyl dimethyl siloxane copolymers, dimethicone / vinyl dimethicone crosspolymers, dimethicone / phenyl vinyl dimethicone crosspolymers and these compounds Mixtures thereof. Examples of suitable emulsifying silicone elastomers include vinyl MQ resin / organopolysiloxane crosspolymers, polyglycerols, oligosaccharides, hydroxy-terminated polyoxyalkylene polyethers and their carboxylate esters, lower alkanol ethers, wherein the organic group is polyglycol. , And mixtures of these compounds. Other examples of suitable silicone elastomers are described in US Pat. No. 5,849,314 to Dobkowski et al. On December 15, 1998. This document is incorporated herein by reference. Suitable silicone elastomers are also described in European Patent Application 1 057 476 A1, published on December 6, 2000, entitled “Organicpolysiloxane gels for use in cosmetics” and assigned to Wacker-Chemie GmbH. It is.
[96] The composition of the present invention may also comprise one or more solidifying agents. The solidifying agent (s) in the compositions of the present invention may primarily serve to help solidify the composition such that the composition is solid at room temperature and has a melting point of at least 32 ° C. and a penetration hardness of at least 5 mm. Solidifying agents also provide adhesion to compositions that improve delivery to the wearer's skin. Depending on the hardener selected, the hardener may also change the mode of delivery so that the composition is more likely to break or peel off and improve delivery to the skin, instead of actually rubbing onto the wearer's skin. Solidifying agents may further act as emollients, occluders, humectants, barrier enhancers, viscosity enhancing agents, and mixtures thereof. Solidifying agents may include waxes as well as compounds that are functionally performed as waxes.
[97] Such solidifying agents include alkyl siloxanes, polymers, hydrogenated vegetable oils having a melting point of at least 35 ° C., fatty acid esters having a melting point of at least 35 ° C., alkyl hydroxystearates (> C ₁₆ ), branched esters, alkoxylated alcohols and It may be selected from alkoxylated carboxylic acid. In addition, the hardener may be selected from animal, vegetable, mineral waxes and alkyl silicones. Examples of solidifying agents include, but are not limited to, the following: alkyl silicones, alkyl trimethylsilanes, beeswax, behenyl behenate, behenyl benzoate, C ₂₄ -C ₂₈ alkyl dimethicone, C ₃₀ alkyl Dimethicone, Cetyl Methicone, Stearyl Methicone, Cetyl Dimethicone, Stearyl Dimethicone, Cetyl Dimethicone, Candelillanap, Carnauba, Synthetic Carnauba, PEG-12 Carnauba, Ceracin, Hydrogen Added microcrystalline lead, jojoba lead, microcrystalline lead, lanolin lead, ozokerite, paraffin, synthetic paraffin, cetyl ester, behenyl behenate, C ₂₀ -C ₄₀ alkyl behenate, C ₁₂ -C ₁₅ lactate, cetyl Palmitate, stearyl palmitate, isosteryl behenate, lauryl behenate, stearyl benzoate, behenyl isostearate, cetyl myristate, cetyl octanoate, cetyl oleate, cetyl ricinoleate, cetyl Stearate, decyl oleate, di-C ₁₂ -C ₁₅ alkyl fumerate, dibehenyl fumerate, myristyl lactate, myristyl lignocerate, myristyl myristate, myristyl stearate, lauryl stearate, octyl Dodecyl stearate, octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate, oleyl arachidate, oleyl stearate, tridecyl behenate, tridecyl stearate, tridecyl stearoyl stearate pentaerytrityl tetrabehenate, penta Erythritalyl hydrogenated rosinate, pentaerythryl tetrastearate, pentaerythrityl tetraabate, pentaerythrityl tetracocoate, pentaerythrityl tetraperagonate, pentaerythryl tetrastearate, Ethylene Vinyl Acetate, Polyethylene, Hydrogenated Cottonseed Oil, Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil, Hydrogenated Squalene, hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenated jojoba oil, hydrogenated palm oil, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, hydrogenated olive oil, polyamides, metal stearates and other metal soaps, C ₃₀ -C ₆₀ fatty alcohols, C ₂₀₊ fatty amides, Polypropylene, polystyrene, polybutane, polybutylene terephthalate, polydipentane, polypropylene, zinc stearate, dodecyl laurate, stearyl palmitate, octadecyl hexadecanoate, octadecyl palmitate, stearyl behe Nates, docosyl octanoate, tetradecyl-octadecanyl behenate, hexadecyl-cosanyl hexacosanate, shellac wax, glycol montanate, fluorinated wax, C ₂₀ -C ₄₀ alkyl hydroxystearyl stearate and Mixtures of the above compounds. In one embodiment, the hardener is a blend comprising about 70% by weight cerasin wax, about 10% by weight microcrystalline lead, about 10% by weight paraffin wax and about 10% by weight cetyl ester (synthetic mercury).
[98] To improve delivery to the skin of the wearer, the composition may comprise about 5 to about 60 weight percent, preferably about 25 to about 50 weight percent solidifying agent (s). In certain embodiments, the hardener may be at least about 5% by weight. Or the solidifying agent may be at least about 25% by weight for improved behavior. In other embodiments, the hardener may be up to about 60 weight percent. Or the solidifying agent may be up to about 50% by weight for improved effectiveness. Compositions comprising less than the amount of solidifying agent described above are too soft and may undesirably result in the movement of the composition away from the body contacting surface 11 of the absorbent article, thereby reducing delivery to the wearer's skin. Can have a lower viscosity. On the other hand, compositions comprising greater amounts of hardener than those described above are likely to provide less amount of delivery to the wearer's skin.
[99] The composition of the present invention may further comprise fats and oils. Fats and oils can provide essential and non-essential fatty acid sources similar to those found in the skin's natural barriers. Fats and oils include compounds that are fats, oils, essential oils, fatty acids, fatty alcohols, phospholipids and mixtures of these compounds. Fats and oils include oils derived from plant and animal sources. Similarly, essential oils include essential oils derived from plant sources. One of ordinary skill in the art would appreciate that any compound generally thought to act as, or have a structure for, fats, oils, essential oils, fatty acids, fatty alcohols and phospholipids may be used as the natural fat or oil component of the compositions of the present invention. It will be appreciated that a comprehensive list of each and all fats and oils that may be used in the compositions of the present invention is not provided, although those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that those skilled in the art will appreciate You will be able to identify and recognize individual compounds.
[100] Representative examples of fats and oils include avocado oil, apricot oil, Babassu oil, freeze oil, camellia oil, canola oil, castor oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, evening primrose oil, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydrogenated Palm kernel oil, maleated soybean oil, meadowfoam oil, palm kernel oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, spinolipid, thinning oil, tall oil, lanolin, lanolin alcohol, lauric acid, palmitic acid, Stearic acid, linoleic acid, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, rose fruit oil, calendula oil, chamomile oil, eucalyptus oil, juniper oil, sandalwood oil, tea tree oil, sunflower Oils and soybean oils include, but are not limited to these. Another fat / oil suitable for the compositions of the present invention is PROLIPID 141 blend, available from International Specialty Products, Wayne, NJ. Prolipid 141 blend is a mixture of glyceryl stearate, fatty acids, fatty alcohols and phospholipids.
[101] To help continue supplying the skin barrier enhancer, the compositions of the present invention may comprise fats and oils in an amount of about 0.1 to about 59 weight percent, preferably about 10 to about 50 weight percent of the composition. In certain embodiments, the fat and oil may be at least about 0.1% by weight. Or the solidifying agent may be at least about 10% by weight for improved behavior. In other embodiments, the fat and oil may be up to about 59% by weight. Or the solidifying agent may be up to about 50% by weight for improved effectiveness.
[102] Compositions of the present invention may also include sterols and sterol derivatives that work with natural fats / oils to provide natural skin barrier enhancement and skin barrier repair. Sterols and sterol derivatives that can be used in the compositions of the invention include β-sterols having tails on the 17 position and no polar groups, such as cholesterol, cytosterol, stigmasterol, and ergosterol, as well as C ₁₀ -C ₃₀ Cholesterol / lanosterol esters, cholecalciferol, cholesteryl hydroxystearate, cholesteryl isostearate, cholesteryl stearate, 7-dehydrocholesterol, dihydrocholesterol, dihydrocholesteryl octyldecano Ate, dihydrolanosterol, dihydrolanosteryl octyldecanoate, ergocalciferol, tall oil sterol, soy sterol acetate, lansterol, soy sterol, avocado sterol, "AVOCADIN" [Pacipani, NJ, USA] Trade name of Croda Ltd. of materials, sterol esters and similar compounds, as well as mixtures thereof Water, but is not limited to these. The compositions of the present invention are both sterols, sterol derivatives or sterols and sterol derivatives in amounts of about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent, preferably about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent and more preferably about 0.8 to about 1 weight percent of the composition. It may include a mixture of. In certain embodiments, the sterol may be at least about 0.1% by weight. Or the sterols may be at least about 0.5% by weight, optionally at least about 0.8% by weight for improved behavior. In other embodiments, the sterol may be up to about 10% by weight. Or the solidifying agent may be about 5% by weight or less, optionally about 1% by weight or less for improved effect.
[103] If the composition is desired to provide treatment for the skin, the composition may also include an active ingredient, such as a diaper rash protectant. Skin protectants are drug products that protect damaged or exposed skin or mucosal surfaces from harmful or annoying irritation. In addition to those mentioned above as suitable emollients, suitable active ingredients which can be incorporated into the compositions include allantoin and its derivatives, aluminum hydroxide gel, calamine, cocoa butter, dimethicone, cod liver oil, glycerin, kaolin and its derivatives, lanolin and Derivatives thereof, mineral oil, waselin, shark liver oil, talc, topical starch, zinc stearate, zinc carbonate and zinc oxide, and the like and mixtures thereof, but are not limited thereto. The composition may comprise from about 0.10 to about 95 weight percent of the active ingredient depending on the skin protectant, the amount to be delivered to the skin, or the amount of the specific skin protectant required by the US Food and Drug Administration monograph. .
[104] In order to further enhance the advantages for the wearer, additional components may be included in the compositions of the present invention. For example, the classification of ingredients that can be used and their corresponding advantages include antifoams (reduce foaming tendency during processing); Antimicrobial actives; Antifungal actives; Preservative actives; Antioxidants (product integrity); Antioxidant-cosmetic (reduces oxidation); Astringent-cosmetics (induces a feeling of tightening or percussive pain on the skin); Astringent-drugs (drug products that act when applied to skin or mucous membranes to check for osmotic, release or bleeding and to condense proteins); Biological additives (improve product performance and consumer appeal); Colorants (to impart color to the product); Deodorant (protects against the formation of odors on the body surface and reduces or eliminates unpleasant odors); Other emollients (helping to maintain a soft, smooth and supple appearance of the skin by their ability to remain on the skin surface or in the stratum corneum to act as a lubricant, reduce flaking and improve the appearance of the skin) ; External analgesics (topically applied drugs that have local analgesic, anesthetic or restraining effects by inhibiting skin sensory receptors, or local irritant effects by stimulating skin sensory receptors); Film formers (having active ingredients on the skin by creating a continuous film on the skin upon drying); Fragrances (consumer appeal); Silicone / organomodified silicone (protective, tissue water resistance, lubricity, tissue softness); Oils (minerals, plants and animals); Natural moisturizers (NMF) and other skin moisturizing ingredients known in the art; Opaque agents (reduce the transparent appearance or transparency of the product); Powder (provides lubricity, oil absorption enhancement, skin protection, astringent, opacity, etc.); Skin conditioning agents; Solvents (liquids used to dissolve components found to be useful in cosmetics or drugs); And surfactants (as cleansing agents, emulsifiers, solubilizers and suspending agents).
[105] An important characteristic of the compositions of the different sides of the present invention is their resistance to movement into their diapers 10 and their ability to remain on their bodyside liner 22 surface so that they can be easily delivered to the wearer's skin. In this regard, articles having a composition of the present invention applied to the bodyside liner 22 have a Z-direction lotion transfer test described in US Pat. No. 6,149,934, granted to Krzysik et al. On November 21, 2000. About 55% or less, preferably about 50% or less, more preferably about 45% or less, even more preferably about 40% or less, and most preferably about 35% or less of z-direction travel loss. Indicates. Said patent document is incorporated herein by reference. In articles with greater z-direction loss of movement, the composition undesirably moves along the surface of the bodyside liner 22 and into and sometimes through the bodyside liner 22 into the absorbent 24 of the article. This reduces friction and allows less delivery to the wearer's skin.
[106] In addition, to improve stability and delivery to the wearer's skin, the compositions of the present invention exhibit a melting point of about 32 to about 100 ° C, preferably about 35 to about 80 ° C and more preferably about 40 to about 75 ° C. Can be. Compositions with lower melting points exhibit migration of the composition during use and upon storage at elevated temperatures, which undesirably reduces delivery to the skin. On the other hand, a composition with a higher melting point needs to be at a temperature above the flash point of the bodyside liner 22 material, which can undesirably cause combustion. The melting point of the composition of the present invention allows the composition to be relatively immobilized and localized on the body contact surface 11 of the diaper 10 at room temperature and to be readily delivered to the wearer's skin at body temperature. However, the compositions of the present invention are not completely liquid under extreme storage conditions. Preferably, the composition is readily delivered to the skin by general contact, wearer's movement, adhesion or body heat. When the composition is relatively immobilized at room temperature, a smaller amount of the composition is needed on the body contact surface 11 to provide a beneficial effect.
[107] The composition of the present invention further contains at least 50,000 centipoise, preferably from about 50,000 to about 1,000,000 centipoise, more preferably from about 100,000 to about at about 55 ° C. in order to further reduce migration and improve delivery to the wearer's skin. Low shear viscosity of 800,000 centipoise. Compositions with lower melting point viscosities exhibit movement of the composition through the bodyside liner 22 into the absorbent 24, which undesirably reduces delivery to the skin. On the other hand, compositions with higher melting point viscosities can also be solid so as to reduce delivery to the skin.
[108] In addition, to improve stability and delivery to the wearer's skin, the compositions of the present invention may also be less than about 5,000 centipoise, preferably about about 60 ° C. (or higher temperatures depending on the composition and melting point of the composition). High shear viscosity of from 100 to about 500 centipoise, and more preferably from about 150 to about 250 centipoise.
[109] The penetration hardness of the composition of the present invention is from about 5 to about 365 millimeters, preferably from about 10 to about 300 millimeters, more preferably from about 20 to about 200 millimeters, and even more preferably from about 40 to about 120 millimeters at 25 ° C. Can be millimeters (compositions having a needle penetration hardness greater than 365 millimeters cannot be measured using ASTM method D 1321). The hardness of the composition of the present invention is important for two reasons. First, the more flexible the formulation, the more the formulation can move, making the formulation easier to move into the inner ply of the diaper 10, which is undesirable. Second, more flexible compositions are more greasy or oily when touched, which is also less desirable.
[110] The composition is applied to the entire body contacting surface 11 of the bodyside liner 22 or provides greater lubricity to a particular area of the body contacting surface 11 and the body contacting surface to deliver the composition to the wearer's skin. It may optionally be applied to a particular zone of 11, for example a central zone along the longitudinal centerline of the diaper 10. Alternatively, the body contacting surface 11 of the bodyside liner 22 may comprise a plurality of stripes of the composition applied thereto. For example, the body contacting surface 11 of the bodyside liner 22 may include stripes of 1 to 20 compositions extending along the length of the diaper 10. The stripe may extend over the entire length of the bodyside liner 22 or over only a portion thereof. The stripe may also exhibit a width of about 0.2 to about 1 centimeter.
[111] The composition should cover a sufficient amount of the body contacting surface 11 of the bodyside liner 22 to reduce friction between the wearer skin and the bodyside liner 22 and to ensure proper delivery to the skin. Preferably, the composition is applied to at least about 5% and more preferably at least about 25% of the body contact surface 11 of the body side liner 22.
[112] The composition may be applied to the bodyside liner 22 in any amount that provides the desired delivery benefit. For example, the total amount of the composition added is about 0.05 to about 100 mg / cm ² , preferably about 1 to about 50 mg / cm ² and more preferably about 10 to about 40 mg / cm ² for improved performance. Can be. The amount added will depend on the skin barrier function and the desired effect of the composition on the particular composition. As discussed above, the improved stability of the present invention and reduced propensity to move the composition allows a smaller amount of the composition to be applied to the bodyside liner 22 as compared to conventional compositions to achieve the same benefits.
[113] The composition can be applied to the bodyside liner 22 in any of a number of ways known. A preferred method for uniformly applying the composition to the body contacting surface 11 of the bodyside liner 22 is spraying or slot coating. Spraying or slot coating of the composition is the most accurate method while providing maximum control over composition distribution and delivery rate. However, other methods may be used, such as roto-gravure or flexographic printing and foam application.
[114] The composition melts the composition by (a) heating the composition to a temperature above the melting point of the composition, (b) uniformly applying the molten composition to the body contacting surface 11 of the bodyside liner 22, and (c) The composition applied to the body contacting surface 11 can be applied to the bodyside liner 22 by rethinking the composition. Preferably, the inventory of the composition takes place almost simultaneously without the need for external cooling means such as cooling rolls. This may occur when the composition is heated to a temperature just above or to the melting point of the composition. However, external cooling means, such as cooling rolls, can be used to accelerate inventory as needed before or after application of the melt. Other cooling methods may also be used, for example cooling tunnels.
[115] Increased viscosity and simultaneous inventory of the composition at the processing temperature prevents the composition from penetrating into the absorbent 24 and the bodyside liner 22 of the diaper 10 to bring the composition into physical contact with the bodyside liner 22. There is a tendency to retain on the surface 11, which is advantageous. For example, the temperature of the molten composition is advantageously less than about 10 degrees Celsius, more preferably less than about 5 degrees Celsius, even more preferably above the melting point of the composition prior to application with the bodyside liner 22 to reduce migration. May be below about 2 ° C. As the temperature of the molten composition approaches the freezing point of the composition, the viscosity of the molten composition generally increases, which further enhances the tendency to be retained on the body contacting surface 11 of the molten composition. .
[116] It is believed that the compositions of the present invention better protect the skin barrier. In particular, it has been found that the compositions of the present invention can reduce the inflammatory response of the skin to irritation. While not intending to be bound by theory, it is believed that the composition provides a better barrier to stimulation to reduce the stimulus response. It is also contemplated that the compositions of the present invention exhibit improved breathability. Breathability is a desirable property of the composition applied to the body contacting surface of an absorbent article. An ideal composition is one that provides an excellent barrier to enhance the skin's natural barrier properties while maintaining breathability so as not to disturb the skin's breathing.
[117] Human skin cultures were selected to model the response of the human epidermis to assess their ability to provide a good barrier to reduce the stimulus response. EPIDERM skin culture is a keratinized, human skin culture in contact with air. Epidermal skin cultures have a progressively differentiated keratinocyte multilayer, similar to the human epidermis. Epiderm EPI-200 skin culture is available from MattTek Corporation, Ashland, Mass. Experiments with epidermal skin cultures are performed in 6 well plates. Generally, 5 epidermal skin culture inserts are added to 5 of 6 wells. Each well contains preheated one milliliter of culture, such as epidermal skin culture. The plate is incubated for 30 minutes in an incubator at 37 ° C., 5% CO ₂ . After incubation, the remaining culture is discarded and 15 microliters of test or control composition is added to the surface of epidermal skin culture. For test compositions using the Waselin system, the composition is applied to the skin culture surface with a positive displacement pipette and spread with a glass rod. The well plate to which the test composition / control composition was added is incubated for 30 minutes in an incubator at 37 ° C., 5% CO ₂ , then the cultures below are removed and replaced with fresh pre-warmed cultures. Next, 10 microliters of an insult solution, either fecal protease or bile acid, is added to the surface of the epidermal skin culture.
[118] Infant feces contain proteases, including trypsin and chymotrypsin (Haverback, BJ, Dyce, BJ, Gutentag, PJ, and Montgomery, DW (1963) Measurement of Trypsin and Chymotrypsin in Stool.Gastroenterology 44: 588- 597; and Barbero, GJ, Sibinga, MS, Marino, JM and Seibel, R. (1966) Stool Trypsin and Chymotrypsin.Amer. J. Dis.Child 112: 536-530). Infant feces were collected for internal study and the level of protease and trypsin activity of each fecal extract was measured. The feces were suspended in water and stirred vigorously to prepare the extract. After stirring, the samples were kept on ice and then centrifuged for 20 minutes at 15,000 times gravity. The supernatant was filtered with a 0.22 micron cellulose acetate filter and stored until use at -80 ° C. Trypsin activity of fecal extract was determined by the ability of the sample to hydrolyze the trypsin peptide substrate (Boc-Gln-Ala-Arg-AMC HCl, BACHEM California, Incorporated, Torrance, Calif.) Labeled with fluorescent material, 0.4-402 μg / ml (n = 19). Protease total activity was determined by the ability of the sample to hydrolyze casein substrates labeled with fluorescent dyes (EnzChek Protease Assay Kit (E-6639), Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR).
[119] Stimulation induced in epidermal skin cultures was associated with total protease activity and trypsin activity of fecal extract. Trypsin-chymotrypsin insults were selected as representative of excretory injuries with reference to literature and internal data. Specifically, in the examples below, fecal protease damage was selected.
[120] A 10 mg / ml mother liquor is diluted in phosphate buffered saline to prepare a damage solution with a concentration of 250 μg / ml. The mother liquor is 50 mM NaOacetate and 0.15 M NaCl at pH 5.5 stored at -80 ° C. One milliliter of the protease damaging solution mother solution contains 2558 USP trypsin and 298 USP chymotrypsin and is available from Specialty Enzymes, Inc. (Chino, Calif.). Bile acid damaging solutions are prepared by dissolving 65 mg of cholic acid, 62 mg of deoxycholic acid and 31 mg of kenodeoxycholic acid in 10 ml of phosphate buffered saline. Bile acid damaging components can be purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, Mo.). Phosphate buffered saline at pH 7.4 (“PBS”) is available from Life Technologies (Rockville, Maryland).
[121] After adding the damaging solution, the well plates are incubated for 6 hours in a 37 ° C., 5% CO ₂ incubator. After 6 hours, the well plate is removed from the incubator and the cultures below are removed and stored at -80 ° C. The response of epidermal skin cultures to test compositions / control compositions and damage solutions is determined by measuring the amount of interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α). Interleukin-1 alpha can be quantified using the Interleukin-1 Alpha Quantkin Kit available from the R & D system (Minneapolis, Minnesota). Interleukin-1 alpha measurements are converted to Log ₁₀ values for each treatment to calculate the average value of each treatment. To determine the ability of the composition to reduce skin irritation caused by biological damage, the IL-1α average reduction percentage is calculated as follows.
[122] IL-1α average percent reduction = ((control + PJ damage) _result (test composition + damage) _results) / ((PJ + damage control) _result - (PG + PBS control group) _results) * 100
[123] In the above formula,
[124] (Test composition + damage) _Result = amount of IL-1α measured after treatment with test formulation + damage solution,
[125] (PJ control + injury) _Result = amount of IL-1α measured after treatment with control agent + impairment solution,
[126] (PG Control + PBS) _Results = Amount of IL-1α measured after treatment with control and PBS.
[127] Larger percentages of IL-1α mean reduction indicate a better ability of the composition to reduce irritation caused by biological damage (protease or bile acid).
[128] An MTT assay is performed to ensure that the test composition / control composition does not affect the viability of epidermal skin cultures. MTT assay dyes are taken up by the cells. Dyes reduced as a result of cellular metabolism can be used to measure the cytotoxicity of test compositions. To confirm viability, epidermal skin culture inserts that have already been exposed to test compositions and biological damage are removed from the culture and washed by immersion in three different PBS beakers in series. Fresh PBS is used for each test composition and control composition to be evaluated. Discard this PBS on a paper towel. The epidermal skin culture insert is then tapped lightly on a paper towel and placed in a well of a 24-well plate containing 300 microliters of preheated culture. After all Epidermal skin culture inserts are washed, they are transferred to a new 24-well plate containing 300 microliters of MTT reagent. The MTT reagent is Thiazole Blue, which has a structure of 3- [4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl] -2,5-diphenyltetrzolium bromide. The plates are incubated for 2 hours in an incubator at 37 ° C., 5% CO ₂ . After incubation, the Epidermal skin culture insert is transferred to a 24-well plate and soaked in 2 milliliters of MTT extraction buffer. Extraction buffer extracts MTT from the cells. 24-well plates are parafilmed, covered and placed in a ZIPLOCK bag to reduce evaporation of extraction buffer. The covered plate was rocked overnight in the dark. After locking overnight, the liquid in the epidermal skin culture insert is poured into the wells. The contents of each well are mixed and 200 microliters of which are aliquoted and transferred to a 96 well plate. The spectrometer is used to measure the optical density (OD) of the sample at 570 nm. 570 nm is the light wavelength measuring the reduced MTT reagent. To improve the quality of the data, this value is subtracted from the reference value measured at 650 nm. The percent viability of each test composition + damage solution to waselline control + PBS is expressed as mean OD _{test composition + damage solution} / average OD _{PJ control + PBS} * 100.
[129] As mentioned above, various experiments were conducted to clearly show the benefits provided by the compositions of the present invention. For example, epidermal skin culture studies were conducted to determine the reduction in IL-1α response between the compositions of the present invention and stimuli derived from fecal proteases. Epidermal skin culture studies and related MTT assays were already performed as previously described and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
[130] Composition Average decrease in percent of interleukin-1 alpha Viability (Percent) 100% snow white Waselin (available at Penreco) 0%; 32% 93%; 77% 90% Waselin and 10% MQ Resin / 1107 Combination ("1107" available from Dow Corning is methyl hydrogen polydimethyl siloxane) 5%; 77% * 97%; 84% 90% Waselin and 10% Dow Corning 9506 Silicone Elastomer Powder (available from Dow Corning) 64% *; 37% 97%; 97%
[131] * Indicates a significant mean difference from protease impairment when the Student's t-test at the p <0.05 level in the composition.
[132] ＃ p value = 0.05868
[133] For each composition in Table 1, the average reduction in the inflammatory source (IL-1α) is shown in two experiments. In each experiment, five compositions were made and evaluated. The IL-1α reduction results in Table 1 show that the compositions of the present invention provide a skin protector (or barrier improver) effect, as evidenced by the reduced stimulus response.
[134] To confirm the outlier result, the result of IL-1α reduction was statistically analyzed. Epidermal skin models are known to be variable due to variations in culture, variations in treatment, and other uncontrollable factors. Statistical analysis techniques were performed to determine when the results were abnormally separated from the rest of the data set. First, the stimulus value was converted to a Log10 value to bring it closer to a Gaussian curve (bell shape). After conversion, the values were analyzed to find exceptional high and low values and then these values were analyzed by Student's t-test to identify significant differences from the "control". Statistical analyzes used to identify “exceptions” are described in “Statistical Methods in Research and Production,” edited by Owen L. Davis and Peter L. Goldsmith, published by Longman Group Limited, and published in 1984. It is listed on the page.
[135] In addition to providing better barrier properties, the compositions of the present invention are also breathable. The breathability of the representative composition of the present invention was evaluated using a MOCON water vapor transmission measurement similar to the water vapor transmission measurement described herein for the outer cover material of the diaper 10. However, rectangular collagen films with dimensions of 7.5 x 10.7 cm were prepared to evaluate the "breathability" of the compositions of the present invention. The target portion (circle 5.0 cm in diameter) was touched on the bumpy portion of the film. The weight of the rectangular collagen film was measured in milligrams, from which the initial basis weight (mg / cm ² ) was determined. Next, the collagen film was taped to weighing paper with the soft side facing up. This basis paper was again taped to the bottom of the incubator heated to about 30 ° C.
[136] The film spreader bar was heated to 85 ° C. and the composition to be tested was heated to 90 ° C. When the bar and composition were heated, the spreader bar was positioned so that X1 (the smallest X) is next to the collagen film. 1 mg / cm ² of target composition was poured into the inside of the spreader bar and above the target portion. The spreader bar was quickly removed from the target portion to ensure uniform spread of the composition. After application, the composition was allowed to solidify so that the target portion could be cut with a surgical scalpel. The target portion was carefully placed on a weighing boat with the composition side facing up, the weight recorded and the final basis weight (mg / cm ² ) determined. The amount of addition of the composition was calculated by subtracting the initial basis weight from the last basis weight. Mocon measurement results are shown in Table 2 below.
[137] Sample composition (% by weight) Mo kongap (g / m ^2/24 hours) 88% Waselin; 10% Dow Corning 9506 Silicone Elastomer; 2% silica 169.2 10% Waselin 0.1
[138] The above results show that the silicone elastomer component provides breathability to the composition.
[139] As described herein, the compositions of the present invention have rheological properties that were not previously recognized to play an important role in the behavior of the composition transferred from the absorbent article to the skin of the absorbent article wearer. The modulus and temperature gradient properties of tangent delta, softening point and modulus curves have been found to be related to the ability to uniformly disperse or spread when the composition is delivered to the skin and also to form a stable film. These properties were measured for the compositions of the present invention and known compositions to show the improvements provided by the compositions of the present invention.
[140] How to Measure Tangent Delta
[141] Dynamic mechanical analysis (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, "DMA"; including elastic modulus, softening point and slope measurements) was performed with an RSA II solids analyzer available from Rheometric Scientific (Piscataway, NJ). The test was conducted in shear mode with a sample 15 mm long, 15 mm wide and 1 mm thick using a "shear sandwich" attachment. The test was performed under constant strain amplitude vibration at a frequency of 2 Hz and an amplitude of 2% to measure the slope of the modulus of elasticity G 'at a temperature higher than the softening point (T _soft ) and T _soft . Each DMA test was performed at step intervals over a temperature range of -60 ° C to + 70 ° C. The step interval was 2 占 폚, and the holding time at each point was 2 seconds. The apparatus used records the change in temperature of the loss modulus (E ''), modulus (E '), and their ratio (tangent delta) as a function of temperature. Samples were tested at two temperatures (35 ° C. and 40 ° C.) under equal strain of 1% strain amplitude and 0.1 Hz frequency to determine the tan delta value at low strain rates. Shear sandwich deposits are the same as those used for the DMA test.
[142] DMA tests and tan delta measurements were made on the compositions shown in Table 3 below. Tangent delta values, softening points and temperature gradients are shown for each composition.
[143] Sample (wt%) Tangent Delta (35 ° C-40 ° C) Frequency / Amplitude (0.1 Hz / 1%) Softening point (℃) inclination 50% white Waselin (White Protopet 1S available from Whitco-Crompton) 35% cetearyl alcohol (available from Glenn Corp.) 15% steareth-2 (available from ICI Specialty Chemicals) (1997) Column 22 of US Pat. No. 5,643,588, line 1-24, assigned to Roe et al. On July 1). 1.05 * +19 -0.07 60% snow white Waselin (available from Penreco) 34% wax blend (ozokerite wax available from International Group, Inc.) 6% ELVAX 410 resin (available from EIDuPont) by Kimberly-Clark Corporation Ointments provided in Huggies diapers for sale) 1.2 +27 -0.08 77.7% UltraPure L Waselin (available from Ultra Chemical Company) 5% wax blend (ozokerite wax available from International Group, Inc.) 10% sunflower oil (available from RITA Corp.) 1% PROLIPID 141 Blend (available from International Specialty Products) 0.8% Soy Sterol (available from Henkel Corp.) 5% Glycerin (available from Glenn Corp.) 0.5% Sorbitan Monooleate (available from ICI Specialty Chemiclas) has exist) 0.78 -18 -0.08 Compositions of the Invention: 53% Snow White Waselin (available from Penreco) 35% Wax Blend (ozokerit Wax available from International Group, Inc.) 10% Dow Corning 9506 Silicone Elastomer Powder (available from Dow Corning) 2% Cab-O-Sil M5P (available from Cabot Corp.) 0.45 +20 -0.06 40% Snow White Waselin (available from Penreco) 60% Carnuba Wax (available from Koster Keunen Inc.) 0.05 * +36 -0.09 100% snow white Waselin (available from Penreco) 1.05 -18 -0.06 70% Snow White Waselin (available from Penreco) 30% Wax Blend (ozokerit wax available from International Group, Inc.) 0.74 +18 -0.07
[144] These two samples should be prepared at a temperature above room temperature (approximately 50 ° C.) to apply to the shear sandwich attachment (other samples were soft enough to apply at room temperature). As a result, these two samples experienced a phase change between 35 ° C. and 40 ° C., so it is not clear whether these materials are completely uniform when measured. Tangent delta values were unstable.
[145] Penreco is located in Kans City, Pennsylvania. Witco-Crompton Corp. is located in Petroleum, Pennsylvania. E.I.DuPont is located in Wilmington, Delaware. Glenn Corp. is located in St. Minnesota. I'm at Paul. ICI Specialty Chemicals is based in Wilmington, Delaware. International Group, Inc. is a wine in Pennsylvania. Ultra Chemical Company is located in Red Bank, New Jersey. R.I.T.A. Corp. is based in Woodstock, Illinois. International Specialty Products is located in Parsippany, New Jersey. Henkel Corporation is based in Pennsylvania. Dow Corning is located in Midland, Michigan. Cabot Corp. is located in Tuscola, Illinois. Koster Kuenen is in Connecticut's watertown.
[146] The results in Table 3 show that the tan delta values of known compositions are substantially greater than 0.65. A higher tan delta value means that the loss modulus (G '') is relatively greater than the modulus (G '), which means that the composition spreads well but does not produce a stable film. Exemplary compositions of the present invention have a tan delta value in the preferred range (0.45), which means a desirable balance between spreadability and stable film formability. Waselin / Carnuba wax has a very low tan delta value, suggesting poor spreading but good stability. "Softening point" is the temperature at which one or more phases of the composition begin to melt. The temperature gradient is the rate at which the elastic modulus G 'falls with increasing temperature. A method of measuring softening point and temperature gradient is shown in FIG. 2. 2 is a graph of the elastic modulus and temperature of the composition of the present invention. The softening point is the temperature at which the slope of the elastic modulus curve changes, and the temperature slope is the slope of the elastic modulus curve at a temperature higher than the softening point.
[147] FIG. 3 is a graph of modulus (G ′) and temperature for three compositions (a blend of waselin and carnuba wax and pure waselin). High modulus is a hard material; low modulus is a soft material. Pure Waselin has the lowest softening point, and Waselin / Carnuba wax blend has the highest softening point. The composition of the present invention has the smallest temperature gradient.
[148] The above test results show that the composition of the present invention improves the barrier properties of the skin but is also highly breathable and does not interfere with the natural breathing of the skin. In addition, the compositions of the present invention have improved rheological properties that exhibit a desirable balance between dispensing and spreading and stable film formability. The advantages of the present compositions are preferably achieved by using the compositions in absorbent articles such as diapers.
[149] While the present invention has been described in detail with respect to particular aspects thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, upon understanding the above, it is readily apparent to those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, and equivalents to these aspects can be envisioned. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be assessed as that of the appended claims and any equivalents thereto.

权利要求:
Claims (23)
[1" claim-type="Currently amended] (a) an outer cover;
(b) a liquid permeable bodyside liner defining a body contacting surface and connected in superimposition with an outer cover;
(c) an absorbent body positioned between the bodyside liner and the outer cover; And
(d) the composition on at least a portion of the body contacting surface of the bodyside liner having a tan delta value measured from a temperature range of 35 to 40 ° C. in accordance with the tan delta measurement method described herein, from about 0.10 to about 0.65.
Absorbent article comprising a.
[2" claim-type="Currently amended] The absorbent article of claim 1 wherein the composition has a softening point of about 15 ° C. to about 30 ° C. 7.
[3" claim-type="Currently amended] The absorbent article of claim 2 wherein the composition has an elastic modulus of about 10 ⁵ dynes / cm ² to about 10 ⁷ dynes / cm ² .
[4" claim-type="Currently amended] The absorbent article of claim 3 wherein the modulus of elasticity has a temperature gradient of about −0.06 to about −0.08.
[5" claim-type="Currently amended] The absorbent article of claim 1, wherein the tan delta value of the composition measured in the temperature range of 35 to 40 ° C. according to the tan delta measurement method described herein is about 0.35 to about 0.55.
[6" claim-type="Currently amended] The absorbent article of claim 1 wherein the composition comprises about 40 to about 95 weight percent emollient, about 0.1 to about 40 weight percent viscosity increasing agent and about 0.1 to about 20 weight percent silicone elastomer.
[7" claim-type="Currently amended] (a) an outer cover;
(b) a liquid permeable bodyside liner defining a body contacting surface and connected in superimposition with an outer cover;
(c) an absorbent body positioned between the bodyside liner and the outer cover; And
(d) at least a portion of the body-contacting surface of the bodyside liner, comprising about 40 to about 95 weight percent emollient, about 0.1 to about 40 weight percent viscosity increasing agent, and about 0.1 to about 20 weight percent silicone elastomer On top
Absorbent article comprising a.
[8" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. The emollient of the composition according to claim 7, wherein the emollient of the composition is selected from waseline, plant based oils, mineral oils, dimethicone, lanolin, glycerol esters, alkoxylated carboxylic acids, alkoxylated alcohols, fatty alcohols and mixtures thereof Absorbent supplies.
[9" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. The composition according to claim 7, wherein the viscosity increasing agent of the composition is a polyolefin resin, an agonist / oil thickener, ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymers, quaternary starch compounds, natural clays, synthetic replicas of natural clays, organically modified clays, 4 Primary Modified Clay, Polyethylene, Silica, Silica Silylate, Silica Methyl Silylate, Colloidal Silicon Dioxide, Alkyl Hydroxy Ethyl Cellulose, Microcrystalline Wax, Shellac Wax, Hexadecyl Cosanyl Hexacosanate, C ₂₀ -C ₄₀ Alkyl Hydroxide Absorbent article selected from oxystearyl stearate, glycol montanate, ozokerite wax, polyperfluoromethylisopropylether montan wax, and mixtures thereof.
[10" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 7, wherein the silicone elastomer of the composition is a cross-linked non-emulsifying siloxane elastomer, C ₃ -C ₂₀ alkyl polysiloxane compound and polysiloxane Si formed by the reaction of the Si-H bond of the divinyl compound and polysiloxane -H bond is selected from crosslinked non-emulsified siloxane elastomers formed from reacting and mixtures thereof.
[11" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. The carboxylate ester of claim 7 wherein the silicone elastomer of the composition comprises an organic group of polyglycol, polyglycerol, oligosaccharide, hydroxy-terminated polyoxyalkylene polyether, hydroxy-terminated polyoxyalkylene polyether And a vinyl MQ resin / organopolysiloxane crosspolymer selected from lower alkanol ethers, and mixtures thereof.
[12" claim-type="Currently amended] The crosslinked non-emulsified siloxane elastomer of claim 10 wherein the crosslinked non-emulsified siloxane elastomer is a vinyl dimethicone / methicone crosspolymer, a crosslinked stearyl methyl dimethyl siloxane copolymer, a dimethicone / vinyl dimethicone crosspolymer, a dimethicone / phenyl vinyl dimethicone cross Absorbent article selected from polymers and mixtures thereof.
[13" claim-type="Currently amended] The absorbent article of claim 7 wherein the composition further comprises about 5 to about 59 weight percent solidifying agent.
[14" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 13 wherein the hardener is beeswax, behenyl behenate, behenyl benzoate, branched esters, candelina wax, carnauba wax, synthetic carnauba wax, PEG-12 carnauba wax , Cerasin, microcrystalline wax, hydrogenated microcrystalline wax, hexadecylcosanyl hexacosanate, polyperfluoromethylisopropylether montan wax, alkylmethylsiloxane, glycol montanate, jojoba wax, lanolin wax, ozokerite , Paraffin, synthetic paraffin, polyethylene, C ₂₀ -C ₄₀ alkyl hydroxystearyl stearate, C ₃₀ alkyl dimethicone, cetyl ester, zinc ester, shellac wax, hydrogenated cottonseed oil, hydrogenated squalene, hydrogenated jojoba oil and Absorbent article selected from mixtures thereof.
[15" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. The absorbent article of claim 7 wherein said composition further comprises about 0.1 to about 59 weight percent natural fat or oil.
[16" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 15, wherein the natural fat or oil is avocado oil, apricot oil, Babassu oil, free fatty oil, camellia oil, canola oil, castor oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cottonseed oil, evening primrose oil, hydrogenation Cottonseed oil, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, maleated soybean oil, meadowfoam oil, palm kernel oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, safflower oil, spin high lipids, thinning crude oil, tall oil, lauric acid, palmitic acid , Stearic acid, linoleic acid, stearyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, rose fruit oil, calendula oil, chamomile oil, eucalyptus oil, juniper oil, sandalwood oil, tea tree oil, Absorbent article selected from sunflower oil, soybean oil, and mixtures thereof.
[17" claim-type="Currently amended] The absorbent article of claim 7 wherein the composition further comprises about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent sterol or sterol derivative.
[18" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 17, wherein the sterol or sterol derivative is cholesterol, cytosterol, stigmasterol, ergosterol, C ₁₀ -C ₃₀ cholesterol / lanosterol ester, cholecalciferol, cholesteryl hydroxystearate, cholesteryl iso Stearate, Cholesteryl Stearate, 7-dehydrocholesterol, Dihydrocholesterol, Dihydrocholesteryl Octyldecanoate, Dihydrolanosterol, Dihydrolanosteryl Octyldecanoate, Ergocalciferol, Tol Sterol , Soy sterol acetate, lansterol, soy sterol, avocado sterol, sterol esters and mixtures thereof.
[19" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. The composition according to claim 7, wherein the composition is allantoin and its derivatives, aloe, aluminum hydroxide gel, calamine, cocoa butter, cod liver oil, dimethicone, glycerin, kaolin and its derivatives, lanolin and its derivatives, mineral oil, waseline, white waselin And a skin care ingredient selected from shark liver oil, talc, topical starch, zinc stearate, zinc carbonate, zinc oxide, and mixtures thereof.
[20" claim-type="Currently amended] The absorbent article of claim 7 wherein the tan delta value of the composition measured in the temperature range of 35 to 40 ° C. according to the tan delta measurement method described herein is from about 0.10 to about 0.65.
[21" claim-type="Currently amended] The absorbent article of claim 7 wherein the composition has a softening point of about 15 ° C. to about 30 ° C. 9.
[22" claim-type="Currently amended] The absorbent article of claim 7 wherein the composition has an elastic modulus of about 10 ⁵ dynes / cm ² to about 10 ⁷ dynes / cm ² .
[23" claim-type="Currently amended] 8. The absorbent article of claim 7 wherein the modulus of elasticity has a temperature gradient of about -0.06 to about -0.08.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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MXPA04005239A|2004-10-11|

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AR038275A2|2005-01-12|

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AR037885A1|2004-12-09|

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WO2003057263A1|2003-07-17|

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EP1463538A1|2004-10-06|

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AU2002356982A1|2003-07-24|

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US20030130635A1|2003-07-10|

引用文献:

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公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题

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法律状态:
2001-12-22|Priority to US10/028,027

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2001-12-22|Priority to US10/028,027

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2002-11-18|Application filed by 킴벌리-클라크 월드와이드, 인크.

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2002-11-18|Priority to PCT/US2002/037101

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2004-08-06|Publication of KR20040070208A

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US10/028,027|US20030130635A1|2001-12-22|2001-12-22|Absorbent articles with compositions having even distribution|

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US10/028,027|2001-12-22|

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PCT/US2002/037101|WO2003057263A1|2001-12-22|2002-11-18|Absorbent articles with compositions having even distribution|